Class: A class is a user defined data type which contains the data members and member function.
A class forms the basis for object oriented programming.
It describes the shape and nature of the object .
Any concept that we want to implement in oop’s must be encapsulated in class.
The internal data of the class are called data members and functions are called member functions.
The variable of the class are called object or instance of the class.
A class is a template for an object and an object is an instance for a class.
Syntax for declaring a class:
1 2 3 4 5 | class class_name { private: declaration of data members; public: declaration of data members; declaration of members functions; }; |
Example
1 2 3 4 5 6 | class student { private: int age; char name[20]; public: void input(); void show(); }; |
In the above example we have created a new class “student”.
Inside the student class we have created two private data member age & name[20] and two public member function input() & show().
Object: we can access data members and member function outside of the class by using the object.
Object is a run time entity.
Syntax for object creation:
Class_name object_name;
Example: student obj;
Note: Here student is a name of the class and “obj” is a name of the object.
Note: we can create more than one object of the class. Foe example:
Note: By using the object and (.) dot operator you can access public data member of the calss.