(Ministry of human resource and development (MHRD) the renamed as the ministry of education).

The prime minister of India, Mr Narendra Modi the cabinet meeting related to the education policy of India.

In India it was said that the New Indian education system is a biggest failure as it doesn’t provide any practical or vocational knowledge to student.

It as just focusing on the theoretical knowledge by which students fail to choose a right career for them.

The syllabus was very old there is need to study those things which are related to today’s scenario.

The new education policy 2020 is the proper framework to develop the education in our country.

The need for a policy was realised in 1964 but some of the members of government like Congress MP siddeswar Prasad was not agree to chance in the education system in the country.

Then there is no vision for education and realisation that practical framework in education is necessary.

The education only was deeply theoretical. In 1964 , University grants commission chairman (UGC) ,DS Kothari was draft a national and coordination policy on education.

Based on this commission parliament approved first education policy,1968.

Education policy amended very few times in India , initially in 1968,then under Indra Ghandi and Rajiv Gandhi in 1986,P V Narsima Rao first prime minister of India reformed the policy of 1986 in 1992.

The new education policy is 3^rd education policy in the history of India.

Vision of New Indian education policy 2020

1. An education system which provides high-quality education by contributing into equitable and inclusive knowledge society.

2. Provide skills , vocational knowledge, values that also involve awareness to human rights ,standard living and well being, developing to reflect a responsible citizen.

3. Filling a deep respect towards the fundamental rights towards the belongings with country,Constitutional values, fundamental right , duties and dedication of roles and responsibilities in changing world.

Focus of new education policy

The government had set up various categories to focus and provide education benefits to each category.

The government had set up to different rules and principles as per the category. These categories are:-

Gender identification:-it focuses on particular female  and transgender individuals and will allot a special funds for female and transgendercategories .

There the government will provide equal opportunities to all genders.

The awarenessabout safety and human rights towards different genders will also ensure that they can aware fir their rights.

Disable students:-the students who are physically disable or handicapped for them special rules and standard are set that they can feel comfortable while getting the knowledge in education institutions

Geographical identities:– special attention to students from  towns, villages and backward areas.

Socio cultural identification:- it includesscheduled caste, scheduled tribes, OBC, minorities etc.

Socio economic conditions:-this category based on the economic conditions include migrant communities, low income household, victims of trafficking , urban and rural beggars

New Indian education 2020 approaches to

• Equity and inclusion
• Technical study framework
• Human right awareness
• Critical thinking and decision making
• Fill creativity
• Provide skills
• Practical understanding
• Initiation and equitable system

Limitations  of Old education system

• Ignores and less value of mother tongue and Indian regional languages
• Lack of practical knowledge
• Less foreign universities in India
• Traditional and old methodology
• Offline system
• No vocational knowledge
• Less literacy rates
• Lack of major and minor specialisation
• Burden of long syllabus and too much books
• Boring or inadequate learning
• Less importance about today’s scenario like technology, environment changes etc.

Basic key features of new Indian education policy 2020

1. Focus on practical knowledge
2. Reduce the burden of bags
3. Introducing vocational subjects
4. Preference to regional language
5. Going global by providing opportunities to foreign institutes in India
6. Till 2030 inclusive and equitable education system
7. Skill learning
8. Same standard of education in private and public schools
9. Autonomous colleges
10. Digital libraries and book permotion policy
11. Transparent online system
12. National education assessment system Prakash
13. Universal access to early childhood care
14. More outcome based
15. High quality education
16. Special education zones
17. Special attention to backward areas
18. Focus to increase literacy rate
19. Open distance learning mode
20. Multi language teaching by hiring teachers from neighbour states
21. Provide best teachers

Implementation process of new Indian education policy 2020

The ministry of human resource and development (MHRD)  has decided to implement the New Indian education policy 2020 into 6 phases and feedback of the implementation by 2030 of new Indian education policy 2020.

The policy brings many new reforms but it only gives much tastier fruit if it is implemented in best way.

The policy will be implemented as following

1. 2021-2022 Formulation of Nationalcurriculum framework for teacher education and national curriculum framework for school education.
2. 2023-2025 A common guidelines  for national professional teachers and teachers will be trained for the transformation in assessment system.
3. 2025- 2029 At least 50% learners will get vocational knowledge in schools and colleges and attaining foundation for literacy level in primary schools at grade 3.
4. 2029-2030 set up of universalprovisions for early childhood development and care. The teacher education will be moved to colleges  and universities with minimum qualification of 4 year B.Ed. degree. Multidisciplinary and integrating teaching programmes will be focused to enhance teaching skills.
5. 2040 policy will be fully come into existence after the follow up and review .Necessary alternations can be done.

Major changes introduced in  new Indian education policy 2020

1 Change in curriculum :-The Government make biggest change in the study curriculum of students.

It includes the easier board exams, assessment system, skills learning, critical thinking and vocational training to students.

It also includes the learning with interest instead of forcefully learning the given subjects that there are many new subjects introduced like music ,NCC , beautician etc. 12^th structure of school education is dropped.

The new formula for school. Education is 5+3+3+4 .Where, Children are 3-8(foundation stage) ,8-11 (preparatory stage)under the school cirulam,11-14 (middle),14-18(secondary).

From 6^th standard vocational subjects are introduced and from 8^th standard students can choose the subject which they want to study.

The graduation will be of 4 years including major or minor specialisation with the subject of interest for example music.

Students can choose any combination of subjects .For example ,a student of chemistry can also decided to study music of he has interest of music along with his major or minor subjects.

2. Universally access to early children care and education:-It will be jointly carried out by ministry of human resource and development (MHRD) (now renamed as ministry of education), women and child development (WCD),tribal affairs and health and family well being(HFW).

Now, child care centres are merged with the schools that they can get better care and learn at initial stages including various  game activities and self development activities.

The children who are less than 5 are moved to bal batika or preparatory stage.

The children from 3-6 can be learn about high quality and safe ECCE at schools , bal bitakas and anganwaris. Mid day meal is extended up to 5 years.

3. Instructions in mother tongue:-The schools are instructed to provide instructions to students in their local languages that they can be connect with their local language also.

In today scenario , we see that the students who read in different medium like English and Hindi they have not too much fluent in their mother or native language.

This step is taken that the students can be efficient in their regional language .

It showsthe respect t and dedication towards the Indian languages which are ignored by the natives and regional students.

The students till five years will taught in their mother tongue.

The students whose parents are transferred within the states for their jobs for them bi language instruction system or bi language study system is adopted that they can receive institution in the national language or language which they understand. If their regional language is different.

4. Foreign education players in India: Now, Indians have no need to go to foreign for study.

They can get education from top international universities in India.

Indian government plans the top 100 ranked universities can set up their educational institutes in India.

But no parameters or conditions are decided now.

Before this the foreign universities in India are just by the medium of collaboration and very few in number.

They are just in collaboration with the top rated colleges or universities in India.

Government may use Qs world ranking for the selection of universities to set their campus in India.

It will start when ministry of education ( Ministry of human resource and development (MHRD)) will establish new rules and regulations for setting foreign education institutions in India.

But a study concluded that the top universities like yale , Cambridge,briston, Stanford,MIT, University of Edigar has no interest to enter in India to provide education.

5. ECCE framework:-For early child education,The national curriculum and pedagogy framework is designed by NCERT.

The play based module of 3 months is designed by NCERT for the children having “A” grade combination of numbers ,alphabets, diagrams ,shapes,colours, indoor play and outdoor play, puzzles , logical thinking , problem solving ,music and movement, painting ,graphing and other visual arts and drams are introduced to make learning effective and attractive .

That students can capture the things easily without considering them NCERT will conduct latest research on ECCE on national level to make this programme better that students can learn hustle free without any problem.

Thus,new education system 2020 will focus on learn with technology and take advantage of this digital Era.

There also digital libraries will be introduced to make study more efficient .

So, we can say that India is moving step forward to be with the latest technology .It is going with the world.

6. Study methodology and syllabus:-Indian children are always in stress of heavy because of lot of syllabus and books .

But now the syllabus is reduced and focus on the practical and vocational learningtechniques.

The subjects are made practical and easier with the help of learning with game activities and digital technology.

Students from the 8^th standard can choose to study the subjects of their interest and from the 6^th standard vocational subjects are introduced.

The graduation is of 4 years including major subject ,minor subject and subject of interest of the student.

For example ,a student of chemistry can also decided to study music of he has interest of music along with his major or minor subjects.

All the subjects have decreased their syllabus up to the core learning and knowledge of the subject. It focuses on critical thinking by the analytical , discussion , interactive , enquiring and discovering by learning.

There will be less focus on the textbooks ,the focus will be questioning and discussion by the students.

7. Mental and physical health focused: the new education system 2020 also take care of mental health and physical well being of the students .

It reduces the burden of school bags and syllabus, introduced new methodology of learning and teaching ,games and activity learning that the students can learn for long time without any burden or stress.

Government initiate annual health check up for all students . The mandatory skills related to the well being and health of students will be taught .

These skills include health, nutrition , physical education ,well being , fitness and sports .

The students will be taught that how to care physical and mental health including personal and public hygiene in the curriculum.

Special rules and principles set up for children with disabilities that they cannot face any difficulties in school.

8. Improving teaching education: The new education system also makes reform in the training system of teachers as teachers help the students to build their future.All B.Ed. programs will consist training in the time tested techniques in the pedagogy ,multi level teaching and evaluation, teaching children with disabilities , teaching children with special interest and talent, collaborate learning and use of technology in learning.

Local teacher education program will also available at BITE ,DITE or at schools who want local persons to teach art , crafts , agriculture and other vocation knowledge.

The different type of B.Ed. courses are also designed like

• 1 year B.Ed. course for those who have completed the 4 year bachelor degree and completed master degree in any special subject.
• Who have a bachelor degree with special subjects can enrol for 2 year B.Ed. course.
• The minimum qualification for B.Ed. is 4 years by 2030 which involves students teaching at local schools.

9. Adult education and life long learning: The new education system also focus on by integrating the adult education centres(AEC ) with HEI and other public institutions.

There will be technology based high quality learning faulteducation such as apps , online module, satellite based channels etc.

Government also designed online adult education books.

10. Introducing of PARAKH : PARAKH is a national centre for performance, assessment, review and analysis of knowledge for holistic development.

PARAKH  is setting up for competitive basedassessment for school children to reduce burden of exams,developing critical and creative thinking approach towards students.

The objectives of PARAKH are

• Setting of standards, norms, guidelines for evaluation and assessment.
• Monitoring learning outcomes across the country.
• Conducting national achievement survey (NAS).
• Guiding the state achievement survey (SAS)

11. support for special students: New education policy introduced project based clubs to encourage and support all levels of education at school level .

Various completion’s will be conducted at various level to encourage students towards learning, initiations and boost confidence.

There are suitable fees structure and scholarship programmes for students .

Comparison of old and new education policy

1 Theoretical v/s practical :- Indian old education system was too much theoretical.

It has too much theoretical concepts which creates a boringness and burden on the mind of students but new education policy is based on practical as well as experimental knowledge that students can learn easily for long time .

It also included vocational subjects and learning through discussion , questions by students, class interaction ,games, graphs ,visuals and pictures.

2. Syllabus:-old education system includes too much large and long syllabus but there in new education policy syllabus is less and practical .

3. Vocational:-in old Indian system vocational are after 10^th standard but now in New education policy students can get knowledge of vocational subjects from the standard 6^th.

4. Choice of subjects:-Now, the students from 8th standard can choose the subjects for further reading but in previous education system students was select subject of their choice on 11th standard’s, students can get knowledge about their favourite subjects along with the vocational knowledge

5. Priority to Indian regional languages or mother tongues:-In old education system in India, there in no rule regarding the Indian regional languages.

The schools are using medium of instruction and study at their own choice.

But the new  education policy 2020 ,make mandatory up to standard 5th to provide education in mother tongue or regional languages.

The medium of instruction should be regional language instead of English and Hindi.

If the students have any other regional language as their parents are transferred from job to job ,then there bi language teaching and bi language instruction system will be used.

6. Graduation degrees:-in old education system, graduation was after 12th standard and of 3 years ,where no specialisation subjects are on focus.

But in new education policy the graduation is after 11th standard and of 4 years focusing on major and minor specialisation along with the subjects of interest.

For example, a student of chemistry can also decided to study music of he has interest of music along with his major or minor subjects.

7. Vocational subjects:-In old education system vocational subjects are taught from 11th standard and have less choice of vocational subjects.

New education policy brings various options for vocational subjects and selection of vocational subjects from standard 8^th.

8. Children categorises:- New education system is based on 5+3+3+4.

Where, Children are 3-8 (foundation stage) ,8-11 (preparatory stage)under the school cirulam,11-14 (middle),14-18(secondary). From 6^th standard vocational subjects are introduced and from 8^th standard students can choose the subject which they want to study.

The graduation will be of 4 years including major or minor specialisation with the subject of interest for example music.

Students can choose any combination of subjects .

For example ,a student of chemistry can also decided to study music of he has interest of music along with his major or minor subjects.

9. One system :-CBSC and state boards were using different pattern for school education .

But now they will come under the guidelines of ministry of education and ministry of defence for teaching NCC to students.

10. Foreign education institute:- In old education system children went to foreign for education and foreign universities can enter into India only through collaboration. But now education policy permits to set college campus to top 100 foreign universities in India.

11.       Teaching and learning methodology:-in old Indian study structure the more dependency is on the textbooks but now the study will be by the games, experiments and digital technology.

Outcomes of new education policy

1. Common standards for public and private school education
2. 21th century skills in teaching, learning and assessment
3. Bring the children to school who are not able to come to school
4. Education for human rights ,sex education
5. Abolish language barrier in learning
6. Higher level of education and long time learning through games , experiments etc. Which develop critical thinking and practical knowledge.
7. Best teachers that have proper knowledge and specialisation of subjects with the better training of teaching with experiments , games ,colours and alphabets , interaction with students , questions from students with awareness of human rights and gender equality.

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