There are two different full forms of CS, in commerce, it is Company Secretary, and in computer, it is Computer Science.

CS is an abbreviation for Company Secretary. It is a senior position in both the commercial and governmental sectors.

It is one of the highest-paying occupations—employees with this accreditation control essential company activities and report progress and concerns to board members.

The company secretary’s responsibility includes strictly following board members’ decisions.

The Institute of Company Secretaries of India is in charge of regulating the profession of a Company Secretary in India, and it was founded in 1980 by an Act of Parliament.

Computer Science is the full version of the term.

The computer science branch analyzes computers, information technologies, and computing structures, including computer hardware and software.

A computer scientist is in charge of the software in this profession.

Computer networks, computer systems and security systems, database systems, programming languages, numerical analysis, software engineering, computer theory, machine learning, IoT and artificial intelligence are the main areas of study in CS.

CS full form in Commerce

The company secretary is an abbreviation for the most often used term, CS. It is a course for professional specialization.

CS is a high-ranking post in both the business and governmental sectors.

It is among the highest-paying occupations in the private sector and large government agencies.

Professionals with this credential are responsible for vital business utilities and tracking progress and challenges for board members.

The company secretary also ensures that board member evaluations are rigorously carried out.

In addition to his secretarial duties, CS is in charge of finance, accounting, legal, administrative, and personnel operations.

The role begins with starting a firm when the concept is conceived. However, the specific duty of a business secretary differs from one firm to the next.

A large or medium-sized firm’s tasks include amalgamation, public issues such as citation of shares and debentures, handling of applications for managerial positions, compensation, inter-corporate investments, and loans,

the conduct of board and general meetings and preservation of chronicles, filing returns, project financing groundwork, and acting as an internal legal consultant and representative when needed.

The Institute of Company Secretaries of India regulates the profession of a Company Secretary in India.

The Act of Parliament was founded in 1980. The institution ensures that its members deliver high-quality study modules and management.

The institution also assists students in obtaining work in high-profile private and public companies.

Company Secretary’s Role

A range of extra administrative activities is required of the company secretary. Typical examples include:

• Insurance
• Company pension plan
• Share scheme administration
• Registration for PAYE and payroll VAT
• Management of the company’s buildings and premises
• Compliance with data protection and health and safety regulations by office management
• Intellectual property rights

Company Secretary’s Salary

Company secretaries often receive a commensurate salary to their degree of expertise.

Consequently, initial payment is usually low, but there is plenty of advancement.

In India, a monthly beginning pay might range from Rs. 25,000 to Rs. 40,000.

There is also a lot of possibility for advancement here, since experience and a reputable employer may raise a business secretary’s income to Rs. 200,000 per month.

Company secretaries often get several non-monetary advantages, including paid vacation, insurance, and access to credit for housing and transportation, as well as sick leave.

Career Path in Company Secretary

A Company Secretary course includes three levels of professional examination: foundation, executive, and professional.

Students who have passed the senior secondary (10 2 or equivalent) inspection of a board/university established by Indian legislation or any examination recognized by the central government as comparable can participate in the CS foundation program.

All graduates and postgraduates (excluding fine arts) are exempt from the foundation program and may go directly to the executive agenda.

After qualifying for the executive/professional program, one must undergo 15 months of training at a firm or under the supervision of a practicing CS.

In addition, one must complete 15 days of mandatory training with the registrar of companies, stock exchanges, and designated regulators, as well as 15 days of compulsory Management Skills Orientation Program (MSOP).

Students who complete the professional course and training can become associate members of the Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI).

How to become a CS?

Once you have passed your 10+2 or equivalent, you are qualified to proceed to the following three phases to pursue a Company Secretary (CS) Course:

• Executive Programme Foundation Programme
• Professional Development Program

Students who want to start the CS degree immediately after graduation, on the other hand, may forgo the Foundation Programme.

Do you like to learn how to become a Company Secretary? The following is a comprehensive list of themes covered in the different levels of a CS Course.

1. The Foundation Program (4 Papers)

• Entrepreneurship and the Business Environment
• Economics of Business
• Business management, ethics, laws, and communication are all topics that will be covered.
• Accounting and Auditing Fundamentals

2. Program for Executives (7 Papers)

1st MODULE

• Economic and Commercial Laws
• Company Law Economic
• Tax Laws and Procedures
• Cost and Management Accounting

MODULE 2:

• Accounts and Auditing Procedures in a Corporation
• General, Labor, and Industrial Laws
• Securities and Capital Markets Laws

3. Professional Development Program (9 Papers)

1st MODULE

• Corporate Restructuring
• Valuation and Insolvency:
• Advanced Company Law and Practice.

MODULE 2:

• Financial, Treasury, and Forex Management
• Ethics, Governance, and Sustainability
• Information Technology and Systems Audit

MODULE 3: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS AUDIT

• Tax Law and Practice at a Higher Level
• Electives for Drafting, Appearances
• Pleadings (You may choose one of five subjects.)
  • Banking Regulation and Practice
• Law and Practice of Insurance
• Capital, commodity, and money markets are all examples of financial markets.
• Intellectual Property Laws and Practices
• Law of Personal Property Rights

Criteria for Eligibility

A prospective company secretary candidate must pass three steps. Foundation, Intermediate, and Final are the three phases.

The following are the eligibility requirements:

• Students who have completed class 12 must enroll in the ICSI Foundation Course. The course is scheduled to last eight months. The system must be completed within three years after admission.
• Students who have completed the ICSI Foundation Course can enroll in the ICSI Intermediate Course.
• Students who have completed the ICSI Intermediate course are eligible to enroll in the final level of the ICSI course.
• The subsequent step is to go through rigorous practice. Students should receive short-term training after finishing the final level of the course.
• The practical training obtained at the intermediate level and after the final level aids in getting ICAI Associate membership.
• Students are qualified to become Associate Company Secretaries after completing their program.
• The primary route of a company secretary’s career does not begin until they are eligible as an Associate Company Secretary.

Dates for CS Exam in India

ICSI administers the CS Exam twice a year, in December and June. Candidates who want to become Company Secretaries must pass both the foundation and executive levels. Every year, the following are the projected cutoff dates for the CS test in December and June.

Level

December Exam Session

June Exam Session

Foundation

31 March 2022

30 September 2022

Executive

28 February 2022 (Both Modules)

31 May 2022 (Single Module)

31 August 2022 (Both Modules)

30 November 2022 (Single Module)

CS course Application Process

If you’re wondering how to become a corporate secretary, here’s a list of the papers you’ll need to apply for a CS course:

• Recent Photographs
• Signature
• A secondary school certificate or equivalent issued by CBSE or ICSE is required to verify the date of birth.
• Consolidated mark sheet from the CBSE or ICSE Higher Secondary Certificate exam or equivalent
• If you take the HSC or its CBSE/ICSE equivalent, the education board will provide you with a roll number.
• Medical Certificate Copies of passing certificates with mark sheets for BCom, MCom, or CA students
• Exemptions for SC/ST/OBC need a caste certificate.
• Aadhar Card, PAN Card, a valid driving license, or a passport are required.

CS full form in computer

What is the full form of CS in computer?

Computer Science (CS) is the scientific and practical study of the concepts and applications of computers.

The study of computing and computing systems is known as computer science.

Artificial intelligence, computer systems and networks, security, database systems, human-computer interaction, vision and graphics, numerical analysis, programming languages, software engineering, bioinformatics, and computing theory are essential topics of study in computer science.

Although understanding how to program is necessary for studying computer science, it is simply one aspect of the subject.

Computer programmers create and understand the efficiency of algorithms to solve codes and study the efficiency of a laptop’s hardware and software.

Computer scientists face problems ranging from the abstract – determining what problems can be solved with computers and the complexity of the algorithms that solve them – to the tangible – designing applications that perform well on handheld devices, are easy to use, and adhere to security measures.

Graduates of the University of Maryland’s Computer Science Department are lifelong learners who can adapt swiftly to this demanding sector.

Computer Science Colleges in India

• National Institute of Technology Bombay
• National Institute of Technology Delhi
• National Institute of Technology Kanpur
• Indian Institute of Technology Madras
• Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
• BITS Pilani, which is popularly known as Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani and BITS Hyderabad
• Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
• National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
• Birla Institute of Technology, Patna

What does a CS engineer do?

Computer Science engineers are primarily concerned with designing, testing, implementing, and maintaining computer hardware and software.

They are in charge of ensuring the smooth operation of the components of software programming and the components of hardware systems.

They are in charge of managing operating systems and network design, setup, and testing.

They ensure that their customers have a trouble-free computing experience.

Computer science engineers play a critical role. They are active in a variety of computer-related activities.

Their responsibilities include creating individual microprocessors, personal computers, and supercomputers and building circuits and programming software that runs the computers.

Scope of CS Engineering in India and overseas

The CS industry is a thriving one. India has established itself as a leader in the IT business, with its experts in high demand worldwide.

Candidates from India are in excellent order by IT behemoths in the United States and Europe.

India has emerged as the leading outsourcing destination for IT firms from across the globe.

India has one of the world’s most significant technical workforces. India’s software business has grown at a breakneck pace in recent years.

There is a high need for computer science engineers in India and abroad.

The job market is quite robust for computer science engineering students, with prospects in IT and non-IT firms. Non-IT companies employ these students in addition to traditional IT careers.

There are job openings at universities, private and public firms, research, the industrial sector, and commercial and business groups.

IT firms create jobs in their development, design, manufacturing, maintenance, and assembly divisions.

The IT firm is responsible for creating the following job careers:

• Software Developer
• Programmer
• Web Developer
• Etc.

It would not be incorrect to argue that the IT sector provides a solid worldwide employment opportunity.

The variety of professions and career opportunities available overseas is wide.

These possibilities are not confined to IT firms; applicants may work in an industry where these talents are required.

India’s top IT talent has landed coveted employment overseas. Indian computer science engineers have played an essential role in the growth and development of the IT industry in Australia, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Europe.

Career and Job Opportunities after CS Engineering

• Web developer and designer
• Analyst
• DBMS
• QA Engineer
• QA Test Lead
• System Database Administrator
• Computer Programmer

Average Salary of CS Engineer

A Computer Engineer’s annual pay is $5,08,600 (42,385 per month), which is $1,21,100 more than the national average wage in India.

A Computer Engineer can earn a starting income of $2,71,800 on average. The highest-paying jobs may earn more than 1450,000 dollars per year.

IITs attract 9,000 jobs in first phase of campus hiring, over 160 get Rs.1 crore plus annual salary

Conclusion

Here we discussed CS Full form in commerce as Company Secretary and CS Full form in the computer as Computer Science.

The above two are very widely used meanings of CS there may be many full forms of CS that are not widely used.

1. Full form of Computer
2. Full Form of CPU
3. ATM full form

If any other full form you find and should be included here informs us.

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ITI is especially a 2-year technical course.

This course is useful to those people who are in need of work and want to learn valuable skills. The various disciplines can be Fitter, Linesman, Welder, etc.

The minimum eligibility criterion for ITI is grade 10. It can be done from any private/ government institute in India.

With ITI certificate you’ll be able to be part of any industry/ company as a technician/operator/trainee etc.

Students choose ITI because it will facilitate them to get employed. There are a variety of scopes once ITI is completed, via diploma, apprentice, Start-up, CTI, etc.

Government and personal ITI institutes are approved by DGT, Labour and Employment ministry. Short-term six months to long run two years courses are being conducted for these people.

14th is the minimum age for admission, up to forty age and additionally no age bar in some states. 8th pass, tenth pass/fail, twelfth pass/fail, and on top of educational activity course completed person will definitely become a part of ITI courses.

ITI Trades

In ITI all trade can be sensible, however, chosen trade will be the best trade those which have more industries requirement and more private/government jobs out there. As per the information we counsel you few best trade which are as follows:

1. Electrician
2. Machinist
3. Draftsman
4. Fitter
5. Copa

iTI eligibility criteria

Eligibility Criteria for ITI : most trade requires 10 th pass. however few trades requires 8th pass

Duration for ITI Course

There are varied time periods for various courses: e.g. six months for data entry etc

1 year for Copa, stenography, etc

2 years for draftsman, electronics, electro-mechanics, etc

The eligibility for admission to ITI is the tenth pass. Some trades are out there the eighth pass.

Two types of Board are there for ITI:

1. DGET curriculum
2. Board general of employment & training ministry of labor and employment curriculum

The admission procedure of ITI starts once the declaration tenth (SSC) result. Initial of all one got to fill on ITI admission website, and then results are going to be revealed and as per benefit favored will take admission in varied trades.

Read alos – Full form of CSS

Online application for ITI admission is inspired by all state governments!!! You need to apply online and you’ll concern about admission via subject matter, at the time you’ll be able to choose a course and ITI’s that get listed on the subject matter screen.

Top  ITI institutes in India

• Govt Industrial Coaching Institute, Purulia.
• Government Industrial Coaching Institute (Women/Mahila)Rae Bareli.
• Government Industrial Coaching Institute, Tiruchendur.
• Government Industrial coaching Institute (Women), Madurai.
• Industrial coaching institute, Mandvi (Surat) (Government)

According to Government College fees is extremely less but non-public college gets increased around 1000 per year for Govt. College.

iTI courses fees

The ITI course fees in approx Rs. 5000 to 8000. also depending upon institute govt or private fee may increase or decrese.

Fee Structure of Mahatma Gandhi industrial Training Institute

Job Opportunities after ITI

Candidates once finishing ITI have each educational and job homeward prospects to continue with aspirants having passed ITI will choose specialized short-term courses in Advanced Coaching Institute or for courses that are completely for the candidates needing a job at a foreign location, aspirants may also apply for higher studies like polytechnic.

As there’s an abundance of job opportunities within the non-public and public sectors for each engineering (Surveyor, Turner, Hardware fitter, Mechanics, etc.) and non-engineering trades (Craftsman, Fashion technology, etc.

Additionally, candidates have ample opportunities in the personal sector yet.

Additionally, ITI qualified individuals will set their own business like open winding retailers will begin motor garage or repairing workshops, will operate generators, etc.

Read More – Full Form Of CPU

Sure-handed staffs even have bright opportunities in foreign countries.

After finishing the engineering commercialism course in ITI, one will choose higher studies like a certificate in engineering.

There are specialized short courses surely trades, offered in Advanced Coaching institutes which boosts the talents of candidates.

Most industries/ firms settle for ITI graduates solely as apprentices and that they train them for an amount of six months to 1-2 years, counting on the corporate they’ll be thought of appropriate for employment solely once the coaching amount gets paid.

Based on the trade opted, ITI qualified persons can apply for jobs publicly and in personal sectors.

Welder, refrigeration, and air-conditioner mechanic trade will be the trades in ITI’s, which will be most in demand.

Electronic mechanic trade graduates will realize opportunities in data technology companies and within the producing units of natural philosophy instrumentation.

Each welder and air-conditioner mechanics have abundant scope in Asian nations and Abroad.

The key job openings of A/C mechanic are within the completely different sections of the general Public Service Commission (PSC) and in railways, as technicians, instructors, etc.

Opportunities for fitters are in onshore as well as offshore areas such as oil and gas, factories, shipyards, etc.

Those with linesman trade will realize openings within the electricity board/department that the achievement is thru PSC (Public service Commission) Exams.

Job opportunities are out there in government organizations like Indian Army, Indian Navy, Air force, Railways, and paramilitary forces like BSF (Border Security Force), etc.

Besides these, ITI passed out can realize self-employment by putting in place their own garage, winding shops, fabrication retailers etc.

fitter ITI course details

Fitter by wordbook means an individual who puts along or installs machinery, engine elements, or different instrumentation.

Fitters construct and assemble mechanical systems.

These systems may be manufactory machines or the piping that carries the chemicals concerned within the producing method.

Some fitters prefer to focus on mechanical fitting, and pipefitting, others add the heating and cooling business by maintaining and repairing systems in industrial or manufactory settings.

Fitters thrive on a physical, active add piece atmosphere that doesn’t revolve around a table.

Some factories maintain evening and weekend hours, and heating and cooling firms typically maintain a 24/7 schedule, which means fitters may fit non-ancient shifts.

Fitters being new to the business or a specific trade are thought of as apprentices and work below the direct supervision of a trained worker.

Apprentices reach the trained worker level once a definite quantity of labor hours and skilled development categories count on the organization.

All fitters work under the direction of the project foreman.

Fitters should be able to produce and browse blueprints for structural systems and use their attachment skills to craft these parts from the material.

Most fitters work on industrial or industrial piping systems that fall into the regulation of native and state business codes.

They need to be consultants within the codes so as to self-inspect their work and check that everything is up to straightforward.

Fitters are for making and implementing a maintenance procedure and schedule for all of the systems underneath their management.

This includes Associate in Nursing organized maintenance log.

Fitters swear totally on technical and job skills to try and do their jobs.

Fitters would like the facility to control the assorted hand tools used throughout their duties, additionally as mechanical skills to grasp those tools to use and the way to use them.

Sensible fitters are downside solvers with sturdy attention to detail. Additionally to those traits and areas of data, the subsequent skills are necessary to seek out employment as a fitter:

Troubleshooting systems exploitation information of however system was designed to perform. Determination and repairing system problems exploitation of problem-solving skills

Attachment parts out of raw metals. Collaborating with alternative fitters on larger ones

Since it’s additionally an ability homeward-bound job, being a blue collared job, the ability is Associate Nursing essence of job prospects.

– You’ll realize jobs publicly and in personal sectors as Electrical fields, welder, air conditioning repairing, and in several electrical field trades.

– In government sectors like Indian army, Indian navy, Air Force, railways, medium trade and lots of government sectors.

Every field has a sensible career during which field you’ve got interested and supported your goal you’ll select either more education or job in government sectors.

After ITI there are 2 choices:

1. Employment opportunity
2. More learning

Employment opportunities-

For Electrical

-All state Electricity Boards and departments

-Public sectors, MNC, personal, and Govt Industries.

-Licence certificate for self-employment.

-Wiring contractors.

-Power generation, transmission, distribution station.

-Electrical jobs abroad.

For Fitters:

-All MSMEs in and around your neck of the woods

-Specialized education like CNC programming

-Plumber/pipe fitting.

-Machine repairing/service.

-Repairing/servicing of car and motor bikes.

-Huge job chance abroad.

Further learning pathways :

-Apprentice coaching in trade.

-Craft pedagogue certificate course.

-Diploma in engineering science

Females in ITI and their job prospects

Females perpetually choose the trades like COPA, Electronics, or IT ( Data Technology)
But if you actually need a job in any government sector you need to prefer the mechanical trades wherever the strength of feminine students is less and therefore avoiding additional competition.

Mechanical trades have several vacancies in the government sector.

As per decree for each vacancy, there’s thirty-third seat assigned for females solely thus lesser the competition additional you’ll have possibilities of obtaining the job.

Some trades that counsel here are:-

Fitter, Turner, Machinist, Diesel Mechanic, Motor Mechanic, Draftsman Civil, Draftsman Mechanical, Refrigeration, and AC. Etc.
In all these trades currently, conjointly solely 2-3 women take admission, thus it may be useful for females for obtaining job obviously.

Trending Trade in ITI

1. Machinist

There is a range of private/government jobs for the craftsman trade.

2. Linesman

This is the latest craze for trade-in ITI. As a result of the electrical field, its value got increased and demand for the trained worker is in demand. 

Additional numbers of personal and government jobs are there for this trade.

3. Draftsman

Draughtsman is the third most exacting trade of ITI.

Drafting ability is an additional rare thing and being a virtuoso draftsman trade provides you initial preference.

Draftsman has sensible skills like drafting, auto cad, SolidWorks, etc.

ITI Boards

There are 2 varieties of ITI Board in our country India:
1. SCVT (State Council Vocational Training)
2. NCVT (Nation Council Vocational Training)
One works at the state level and one at the national level each has completely different courses.

NCVT- National Council for Vocational Training, an advisory body, was started by the govt. of India in 1956.

ITI is for tiny jobs. The certificate course of eighteenth to twenty-four months in ITI opens opportunities for lower-level job, for the tenth pass cannot afford educational activity it’s the simplest.

A diploma (3 Years) from engineering school might get slightly higher jobs, however, there’s competition from degree holders as well.

ITI certificate holders can’t be a part of Bachelor in Technology. It’s a dead finish for them.

3-year Diploma holders can join the 2nd year of B Tech through Lateral Entry in Engineering colleges.

The eligibility needed to use for certification through lateral entry

:- Candidate should have completed his ITI course from a govt recognized institute.
:- Candidate should be sensible in PCM otherwise you will say science subjects as a result of arithmetic is that the backbone of engineering.

Courses offered in the lateral entry scheme

1. The candidate will apply for technology.
2. Chemical engineering.
3. Metallurgical Engineering
4. Automobile engineering.
5. Engineering science.

Conclusion

ITI can be called the foundation of any industry. India needs to open more and more ITI so that people can get to study in ITI and get employed as soon as possible.

Foundation gets a person to go as high in their career path and serve the nation, leave a peaceful life in the near future.

ITI is the future of India. Just make sure everyone grabs this opportunity and be creative in their work.

According to the promotion they get along with the years of services they dedicate in their service they are paid handsome returns.

China has become a world leader because of ITI education background.

They are penetrating every sector at a go.ITI students who are meritorious in their career can go for a diploma for skill enhancement which can be availed by them after their company approves for their higher education.

Lots of students who are lackluster towards their career can go for ITI without any guilt and make the nation proud of their achievements whether in the private or government sector.

They will be the pride of the nation and will get good opportunities overseas and can settle there with lucrative offers waiting for them there.

Hope you learn about ITI full form and its details

Read More

Full form of Computer

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This post is only for information purposes  

The caste system is a method of categorizing people into professions or races.

The practice of branding people into a specific caste based on their birth into a specific family.

 Following India’s independence, and with the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1955, such social practices were declared illegal and those who engaged in them were punished.

Also, through the reservation, people who faced social discrimination based on caste were given the opportunity and encouraged to compete with the rest of the population.

What is the full form of SC ST OBC UR and EWS?

 The full forms of SC, ST, and OBC are as follows:

SC stands for Scheduled Castes

Schedule Castes are essentially the lowest strata of Hindu society.

These classes are primarily designed to highlight the disadvantages of specific castes and tribes, as well as the underprivileged section of society.

They have significant reservation advantages in government jobs, higher education, and the legislature.

Scheduled castes are sub-communities within the Hindu caste system that have historically faced deprivation, oppression, and extreme social isolation in India due to their perceived low status.

According to The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, only marginalized Hindu communities can be classified as Scheduled Castes in India.

ST stands for Scheduled Tribes

Article 16(4) of the Constitution allows for the provision of reservations to citizens from the Backward Class who are not adequately represented in the state.

The tribe primarily belongs to the lower classes or has been expelled from the city.

This ST tag is used to provide them with a share of every place, whether in education or in employment.

ST people have many advantages in every government job, school, college, and entrance exam.

OBC stands for Other Backward Classes

OBCs are considered a socially and educationally backward class. As a result, the government has made reservations about public sector jobs and higher education for their advancement.

The Indian government uses the term “Other Backward Class” to classify castes that are socially and educationally disadvantaged.

It is one of India’s many official population classifications, along with Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes.

According to the Mandal Commission report of 1980, the Other Backward class comprised 52 percent of India’s population.

According to the National Sample Survey Organisation, the figure had dropped to 41% by 2006.

There are plans to create sub-categories within Other Backward Class to ensure that government profit reaches the deserving class.

UR stands for Unreserved category

Forward caste is a term used to describe a caste system whose representatives are socially and economically ahead of the rest of India on average.

Such seats are available, and anyone, regardless of category, can compete on merit.

The normal range is unreserved. Those who do not receive a reservation must outperform OBC/ST/SC candidates in the competition.

EWS stands for Economically Weaker Sections

The term EWS refers to some households or individuals whose earnings fall below a certain threshold.

Although other financial considerations may influence a citizen’s or household’s economic insecurity, income is the most important criterion.

In the context of public policy, the term must be interpreted in the sense that the Preamble to India’s Constitution demands economic, political, and social justice.

The GOI has passed several laws for abolishing untouchability and has implemented various reforms to improve the quality of life for the poorer sections of our society.

Among them are the following:

Fundamental human rights are guaranteed by the constitution.

In 1950, the term “untouchability” was abolished.

Reservations in places such as educational institutions, employment opportunities, and so on.

Creating social welfare departments and national commissions to look after the interests of scheduled castes and tribes.

The government’s measures have provided some relief to the weaker sections of society.

The urban areas have had a significant impact and have shown some improvement.

People in rural areas and villages, on the other hand, continue to face severe discrimination.

We still have a long way to go in terms of eradicating and abolishing discrimination based on caste and creed.

It now depends on our efforts, and a shift in our mindset will almost certainly result in a permanent shift, bringing equality to all.

Dr. BR Ambedkar, the brains behind the Indian Constitution, recognized the need to actively empower these communities, socially, economically, and financially, and to provide them with equal opportunities to participate in the country’s governance and functioning, as well as to uplift and promote their growth.

With this in mind, provisions in the Constitution were included to protect the rights of these marginalized communities.

Know More Full Forms

1. Full form of Computer
2. Full Form of CPU
3. ATM full form

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A computer consists of various parts,

what is CPU full form

CPU full form is Central Processing Unit (CPU), the central computing unit, abbreviated as CPU. The easiest way to understand is, the calculator when you enter 1+1, he will help you calculate 2, the computer is also the process – It is difficult to continue to improve at a faster rate.

Generally the I7 processor has four cores and eight threads.

The CPU not only does these, it can do a lot of things. CPUs are known for high speed automation of instructions in sequence that is dependable on ram, internal frequency and number of instructions. But a processor differs from a CPU in many ways – I know and understand that the term is interchangeable but technically they are very different.

Read More

1. Computer full form
2. Applications of Computer
3. Computer Generations

A CPU seems like the central processing unit, as the name suggests. And it is. The heart of a computer system is the CPU.

But a processor is what does the processing in the CPU. The CPU is useless without a processor.

Working of CPU

CPU picture

A processor typically automates the execution of jobs, when a program is given to it. A program for example,

A

A=5

B

B=A+A

End

First, I take a container A. A is a container here which means you can keep a value in it. FYI, in programming languages it is known as an identifier or a variable.

Then I keep 5 in it. I take another container B. Then I do a complex job, the addition of A with A and save the value of (10) in B.

B=A+A actually occurs in a different way. The CPU puts the first A in B. Then adds the second A to B. Or it occurs in this way.

B=A, then B+A, and then the result is stored in B only.

Then I end the program.

The complex task B=A+A is divided into smaller tasks that are processed by the processor itself too.

The entire task here, which is finding A+A is done and stored in B. You can see Result in B.

The processor gets help from the RAM, that contains cells on which the instructions are placed one after the other.

This is the CPU and the processor.

Functions of CPU

Main functions:
1. Add, subtract, multiply and divide numbers.
2. Numbers to add, subtract, multiply and divide will be done accordingly.

Secondary functions:
1. Anticipate and divide, multiply, subtract, and add numbers before they are wanted.
2. Save (or cache) already calculated numbers.

All these numbers are written in binary form ( 10010100101010010110 etc.)

The instruction is also a binary number. It has 32 digits (ignore the spaces). Think of the 32 digits as 32 bits.. There are other operations as well… but I won’t write a book here 🙂

We will assume that ‘0001’ at the left of our code or instruction is an ‘addition’ function. The following  12 digits will be our first quantity and the last 12 digits will be our second ‘quantity.

If we take a = b + c, then ‘b’ and ‘c’ are our operands.

So there we have it. We encode operations such as a = b + c in a binary number and give it to the CPU.

Components of CPU

The CPU consists of mainly 6 components –

• Clock
• Buses
• Cache
• registers
• arithmetic logical unit (ALU)
• control unit (CU)

All components work together to allow system control and processing control.

Image

Clock

The central Processing Unit consists of a clock that is used to coordinate all of the components of a computer. It sent out a regular pulse that keeps in time (or synchronizes) all the components.

Clock speed is the frequency of these pulses. It is measured in hertz and the Higher the frequency, the more number of instructions can be actively performed at any given time.

Processors typically ran at a rate of between 3 MHz to 5 MHz, that is 3 million to 5 million cycles or pulses per second in the 1980s. Nowadays processors typically run at a rate of 3 GHz to 5 GHz, that is 3 billion to 5 billion cycles of pulses per second.

Buses

A high-speed internal connection is known as a bus. These are used to send data and control signals between the components and the processor.

Three kinds of buses are used –

• Control Bus

Control buses carry control signals from the processor two components of the CPU. It also carries the pulses of the clock.

• Data Bus

Data buses carry the actual data between the components of the CPU and the processor.

• Address Bus

Address buses carry memory addresses from the processor to components like input devices, output devices, and primary memory.

Cache

The cache is a small amount of high-speed RAM i.e. Random Access Memory that is built directly within the processor. The cache is used to temporarily store instructions and data that the processor is likely to reutilize. This lets faster processing as the processor doesn’t have to wait for the instructions and data to be fetched from the Random Access Memory (or RAM).

Registers

These are small amounts of high-speed memory consisting within the Central Processing Unit (or CPU). Registers are used by the processor to hold small amounts of data that are required during the processing like –

• The results of calculations.
• The current instruction that is being recorded.

Various different processes have several different registers for different purposes, but many have some, or all, of the following –

• Accumulator (ACC)
• Current instruction register (CIR)
• Memory data register (MDR)
• Memory address register (MAR)
• Program counter

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) primarily has two main functions –

• The Arithmetic Logic Unit acts as a gateway between secondary storage and primary memory. The data is passed or transferred between them through the arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
• It performs logical and arithmetic operations (decisions). The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is where decisions are made and calculations are done.

Control Unit (CU)

The control unit (CU) offers various functions –

• The Control Unit (CU) moves data around the system.
• It also issues control signals that can control hardware.
• It executes, decodes and fetches instructions.

CPU Vs. GPU

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

The Graphics Processing Unit is used to offer images in computer games.

It emphasizes high throughput and is faster as compared to the speed of the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

It is typically incorporated with the electronic equipment for sharing Random Access Memory (RAM) with electronic equipment which is good for the foremost computing jobs.

The graphics Processing Unit (GPU) consists of more arithmetic logic unit (ALU) as compared to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Central Processing Unit is called the brain for every ingrained system.

The central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of the Control Unit (CU) for performing instruction branching as well as sequencing and the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is accustomed quickly to performing the calculations and holding the information.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) interacts with more components of the computer like output, input, and memory for performing instructions.

The basic difference between the Graphics Processing Units (GPU) and Central Processing Unit (CPU) is that GPU emphasizes highthroughput whereas CPU emphasizes on low latency.

Difference between GPU and CPU

• GPU emphasizes on high throughput whereas CPU emphasizes on low latency. 
• GPU is suitable for parallel instruction processing whereas CPU is not suitable for it.
• GPU is not suitable for serial instruction processing whereas CPU is suitable for it.
• GIP contains more weak cores as compared to CPU which only consists of minute powerful cores.
• The speed of the GPU is more than the speed of the CPU.
• GPU requires or consumes less memory as compared to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
• GPU stands for Graphics Processing Unit whereas CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.

Types of CPU

The central Processing Unit (CPU) is an important element that manages all the commands and calculations that are transferred to other components of the computer and its related peripherals.

The quick speed of the Central Processing Unit obeys to command of the input program.

The components are powerful and dependent when connected or linked to the Central Processing Unit.

The top-leading manufacturers of the Central Processing Units are Intel and AMD. The processors were employed to find the robust and right processor in the past.

The Intel 486 is faster compared to the 386, but after introducing the Pentium processor, all the processors are named such as Athlon, Pentium, Celeron, and Duron.

Several kinds of processor are built in different architectures such as 32-bit and 64-bit with flexible capacity and maximum speed.

The major kinds of Central Processing Units are classified as Deca core, Octa-core, Hexa-core, Quad-core, Dual-core, and Single-core processors which is explained below.

1.     Deca-core processor

Deca Core processor is available with 10 independent systems which are deployed to manage and execute the job which is successful as compared to other processors which are developed until now.

If you own a device or a computer with a deca-core processor, then it is the best option.

Many smartphones, nowadays, are now available with Deca core processors at cheap cost and they never become outdated + deca core processors are trending with their new advanced features.

Obviously, many gadgets in the marketplace today are updated with new processors for providing more useful purposes to people.

2.     Octa-core processors

Octa-Core processors are developed with 8 different independent cores to execute an effective job that acts rapidly as compared to Quad-Core processors and is efficient.

Octa-Core processor consists of a dual set of quad-core processors which divide various activities between the different types. 

Most times, the minimum powered cores are employed to do advanced jobs.

The repaired four sets of cores will be kicked in if there is any requirement or emergency. Precisely, the Octa-core adjusts it accordingly to provide effective performance and is perfectly defined with the dual-code core.

3.     Hexa Core processors

It is another multiple-core processor that can execute the job which works rapidly as compared to the dual-core and Quad-Core processors and is available with six cores.

Now, Intel has launched Mintel core i7 with Hexa Core processor and the processes of hex-core is simple for personal computer users.

Today mobile phones are also available with Hexa Core processors.

4.     Quad-core CPU

The quad-core CPU is designed with 4 cores on a single CPU and is a refined model of multiple-core CPU features.

It enables defective multitasking and divides the workload in between the cores. It does not signify any single job that is 4 times faster as compared to other operations.

Unless the programs and applications are executed on it by SMT code but not stable and will fasten the speed.

These CPUs are used by people who require to execute different programs simultaneously such as gamers, that are optimized in multiple-core CPUs.

5.     Dual-core CPU

This single CPU functions like a dual CPU acting like one and comprises two strong cores.

Dual-core CPU must switch back and forth within a variable array of data streams and it manages to multitask effectively if one or more thread is executed.

The operating system and the running programs must have a unique code known as simultaneous multithreading technology embedded in it to utilize the Dual-Core CPU effectively.

It is quicker as compared to a single-core but not robust as compared to a quad-core CPU.

6.     Single-core CPU

It is the oldest type of CPU that is employed and available in most of office and personal computers.

The single-core CPU is not efficient in multi-tasking and can only execute one command.

If more than a single application is executed, it signifies that there is a significant declination in performance. If one job has started, then the second operation must wait until the first operation is finished.

The performance of the computer is drastically reduced when it is fed with multiple operations. The performance of the CPU is totally based on its clock speed by measuring its power.

CPU long form

Long-form is Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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For designing a website we need to learn HTML, CSS, and Javascript.

HTML and CSS are both markup languages whereas Javascript is a programming language.

One can learn web designing at w3schools,codeacademy and offline courses are there.

Stackoverflow is a platform where students can get their queries resolved.

Learning HTML takes hardly 2- 4 days. Anyone can design a HTML webpage in no time.

CSS needs a lot of time to learn. CSS is adding a lot of styles to the content otherwise the webpage gets clumsy looking. That’s why CSS is so vital in modern times.

Learn CSS

Full form of CSS

Full form of CSS is Cascading Style Sheets

It’s a markup language to make clearer to audience.

    Outlined to create style sheets for internet site.

It can be further subdivided into

• Cascading: Falling of Styles
  • Style: Adding designs/Styling our HTML tags
  • Sheets: Writing our style in different documents

CSS takes care of the visibility part of a web page. Taking the help of CSS, we can regulate the color of the text, the style of print,

the distancing in paragraphs, how columns are arranged and classified,

and what setting pics or colors are taken care of. This is the proper way to embellish plain web text with typography, colors, etc.

and hyperlinks (clickable text that as if by any coincidence transports the user somewhere else).

However, websites will get extremely huge. Once that happens, HTML could be terribly onerous thanks to doing a really simple issue.

Think of CSS as a kind of computer attire. CSS specifically does simply one thing: it specifies how an internet site should look. CSS can be detached from HTML, so that the attire is easy to search, easy to alter, and can vividly magnify the total outline of your website.

Like an attire at the institution, you can change your CSS and the look of your pupils will change with it.

Read also – Full Form Of CPU

Style sheets make some changes in the website as per one’s likeness as someone wants, just like the latest trend allows the audience to transpose with the times yet remain the same audience.

An interesting thing about CSS is that it cascades.

Each variety you define adds to the overall thread, yet you can make the most recent variety revoke previous varieties.

For reference, with CSS we can begin by saying we want every one of our texts 18 (18 units) high. Later we can say we want it to be yellow, too.

Still, later, we can tell it we want one expression to be in bold or italics, or orange rather than violet.

 CSS means cascading style sheets because you can structure the rules in such a way that child elements inherit the attributes of their parents and then apply their own rules afterward.

In other words, the rules cascade from the most general level rules at the top to the most particular ones at the bottom.

The cause we may have additional CSS style sheet associated an internet site if twice over:

01. We may want to arrange rules in a straight-thinking sequence. All the form classes together, for example, and all the text formatting classes in a different file.

02. There may be lot of regulations for a bigger computer screen, another set of rules for a lappie, another for a television and yet another for android devices. This is how responsive websites work.

Style sheet rules at an ease can become disturbing and sticky so it is useful to get stiff regulations when corresponding to them.

Separate directives themselves are sometimes problematic but the interchange between regulations, especially if an internet site is not provocative, can easily become a worthwhile difficult entanglement of filthy, clashing and revoking rules each fighting for superiority.

CSS vs CSS3

CSS can be written in any text editor. Notepad will do. There are also a number of foundations and initiators which aim to make writing and maintaining CSS easier.

There is certain thing that distinguishes CSS3 from its previous generations:

1. Frame of mind to have Cellphones–with help of video queries

2. Element-based code

3. Web typography support gives designers visibility to more than just “web-safe” typographies

4. It enables faster development and faster loading times

5. Makes two-dimensional and three-dimensional, graphics, etc.

6. New colors and image effects

Lots of CSS frameworks are being used in recent times. Some of the best latest frameworks in use are Bulma, Semantic UI,Materialize,Ukit,etc.

Three sorts of CSS

CSS comes in 3 types:

• In a very separate file (external)
• At the highest of an internet page document (internal)
• Right next to the text it decorates (inline)

Externalvogue sheets measure separate files jam-packed with CSS directions (with the file extension CSS). Once associates’ online page includes an external stylesheet, its look & feel are controlled by this CSS file (unless you opt to override a method victimization one amongst these next 2 types). This is often however you modify a full website quickly.

You can insert inline designs anyplace within the middle of your HTML code, supplying you with real freedom to specify every online page component.

Read more – ITI Full Form

Internal styles are installed at the head of each internet site document before any of the content is listed. This is the next best thing to external because they’re simpler to get, yet allow you to revoke an external style sheet — for that special page that wants to be a nonconformist!

Inline styles are in place when one needs them at a particular step, next to the content or pictorial one wishing to beautify.

One can place inline styles anywhere in the midway of your HTML code, giving you real freedom to clarify each internet site element. On the other hand, this can make maintaining web pages a herculean task.

Advantages of CSS

Reduced maintenance costs and bandwidth saving: It permits developers to separate content from its presentation layer.

CSS modifies the standard technique of setting vogue and layout on every individual online page by permitting CSS designers to use one file to regulate the fashion and layout of multiple sites within the same website.

Therefore you’ll be able to modify the looks of the whole website by rewriting one piece of paper. The larger your website, the longer CSS saves you. Conjointly vogue Sheets reduce the risks related to the maintenance of large websites.

The ability to edit any variety of HTML pages at just once by writing material one piece of paper file can reduce the file size and bandwidth usage

Downloadable content: Since a piece of paper is cached in the browser cache when the primary request and might be reused for each page on a constant website, it doesnt have to be compelled to be downloaded.

Moreover, once CSS separates your websites content from an HTML page, the HTML file size is smaller and the pages can change the looks of a website by written material one piece of paper ensures that your sites have consistent styling throughout the website.

Search Engine Friendly: Search engines can now not have to be compelled to struggle to scan your website content.

The advantage of improved accessibility of content can enable an about-sized variety of users to find you on the web conjointly less code and additional content can play a significant role in program Optimization (SEO).

At a specific place: Style Sheets will precisely position your component wherever you would like within the online page.

It permits you to place a layer on a specific place.It stays constant in spite of what screen resolution or browser window sizes a viewer uses.

In any part of net development, the developer feels that exact designs don’t seem to be going well with things then it becomes easier for them to position them simply victimization vogue Sheets.

Style Sheets may be accustomed produce printer-friendly web pages. CSS-enabled sites may be simply written.

The colors, pictures and alternative things which are troublesome to be written may be eliminated and written simply by vogue Sheets.

Independent Browsing:Style sheets can store internet applications locally with the help of an offline short term memory.

Using this, we can view internet sites which are not available online. The repository also ensures faster loading and better overall performance of the website.

Podium Independence − The Script offer consistent podium independence and can support latest browsers as well.

International web standards: Now markup language attributes are being deplored and it is being recommended to use CSS. CSS is used so that it will be applicable for modern browsers.

Exceptional styles to HTML: CSS has a much broader array of attributes than HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison to HTML attributes.

 Conglomerate Device Compatibility: Style sheets allow content to be optimized for more than one type of device.

Different versions of CSS

CSS has been in use since its initial unleash in 1996, that was CSS Level one, or just say CSS one.
Everything evolves with time, take it human, animal, a programming language or anything , CSS evolved too, presently there was CSS Level two (or CSS 2) , covering the issues faced whereas operating with CSS one.

CSS three is nothing however the recent version of CSS in use until date, It’s support for animation and quite ton of stuff, that wasn’t previously having potential with CSS. It shoud be noted that use of CSS isn’t restricted to simply HTML, it may be used in conjunction with XHTML , XML, SVG etc.

CSS has preprocessors, which will allow you to generate CSS, they typically have additional options than pure CSS usually supports. Example – LESS, SASS, SCSS etc.

1. It should be noted that use of CSS isn’t restricted to simply HTML, it may be used in conjunction with XHTML , XML, SVG etc.
2. CSS has preprocessors, which will allow you to generate CSS, they typically have additionaloptions than pure CSS usually supports. Example – LESS, SASS, SCSS etc.

CSS3

• CSS level three is currently under development.
• The W3C maintains a CSS3 study like the evolving XHTML specification, CSS3 is modularized and can incorporate many separate Recommendations. associating Introduction to CSS3 roadmap will be the starting point.
• CSS syntax could be a rule to use on html parts to formit look elegant, pretty. You’ll able to use css on the page of html
• Victimization vogue tag like<style></style> or on specific component victimizationvogue  attribute or victimization via css page link wherever you created css page.

CSS vs SCSS

css syntax:-

<style>p {
    color: red
}

h1 {
    color: yellow
}

</style>

You can produce variables in SCSS

For eg:

$myColor: #333;
#myDiv1 {
    background-color: $myColor;
}

#myDiv2 {
    background-color: $myColor;
}

CSS – once processed this is often however it will look

#myDiv1 {
    background-color: #333;
}

#myDiv2 {
    background-color: #333;
}

Just by watching it you would possibly say “Damn! I required this”

Another example might be of nesting in SCSS

For eg:

SCSS

nav {
    ul {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        list-style: none;
    }
    li {
        display: inline-block;
    }
    a {
        display: block;
        padding: 6px 12px;
        text-decoration: none;
    }
}

CSS – once processed this is often however it’ll look

nav ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

nav li {
    display: inline-block;
}

nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    text-decoration: none;
   }

CSS file extension

A CSS file is a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) file used to configure the contents of aninternet site. It contains tailored, international properties to visualisemarkup language elements.

CSS files are used to make an indistinguishable look and feel across websites. They also are used to reduce the amount of work and markup language code generated by consolidating visualising properties into a one file.

Style sheet files are stored in a normal content format, which means you can unlock and rectify them with any data processor. However, one can use web development programs, such as which provides greater updated features for rectifying style sheet files.

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets …

These files consist of code for specifying attributes which can be gathered in any markup language page.

You can even define inline styles i.e. styles in your html code but it’s always better to use a style sheet as:

1. It keeps the styles organized
2. You can reuse the same style defines without writing it again.
3. By keeping it centralized your website has a similar style in all pages for specific functionality and when you need to change you can do it from a single place..
4. Google does not prefer inline styles so use style sheets

 

Internet service providers apply style sheet rules to a article to mitigate how they are featured. A CSS rule is formed from:

• A set of properties
• which have values set to update how the HTML content is displayed, for example, I want my element’s width to be 50% of its parent element, and its background to be red.

 A selector, selects the element(s) you want to seek the upgraded property values to. For example, one tries to CSS regulations to all the segments in one markup language document.

A deposit of CSS regulations amal gamated within a stylesheet determines how an internet site should look. One may get to know a lot about what CSS parsing looks like in the next report of the chunk.

When a portal displays an article, it must amalgamate the article’s content with its design information. It validates the document in two phases:

1. The portal converts markup language and style sheet into the dom.

 (Document Object Model). The DOM represents the record in the computer’s memory. It amalgamates the record’s content with its style.

The portal displays the features of the Document object model.

the properties mostly used to write web pages.

1. text-align
2. font-size
3. font-weight
4. font-family
5. color
6. text-decoration
7. hover properties
8. background
9. background-image
10. background-color
11. box-shadow
12. border-radius

Difficulties in knowing the intricacies of CSS

1. They fail to understand a custom property is a custom property. It can vary from person to person. If a formal internet site is saying to use class=” content”, persons will curb themselves and begin anticipating that there is no other way out that we can name it as per our convenience – WRONG! You can name it as class=”latestContent”, I will name it as class=”own content”. It doesn’t matter what you write.
2. The main mastery is in how you use these variables in stylesheets. If you have used ID then you need to use # – the hashtag to represent the variable and apply the CSS. If you are using class then you must use the “.” – regular symbol.
3. People also fail because they have little or no knowledge about the CSS attributes to be given. For your betterment there are different kinds: a) Internal b) External c) Inline
4. Because they are not so creative and can’t think about new designs and User Interface.

These are reasons, why people fail to understand CSS and its beauty.

The index of important CSS terms for instruction:

• Selector: the part of a CSS rule that specifies which element(s) to target
• Rule: a selector followed by one or more properties surrounded by {} brackets
• Property: a keyword like a background or color that let you assign values
• Value: can be an accepted keyword, a number, or a measurement with a unit
• At-Rule: a special CSS rule that contains other rules like @mediaquery,@keyframes

FAQ

Conclusion

CSS as a markup language is getting a lot of attention as people are getting into the full stack developer profession in their starting careers.

A full-stack developer gets a good amount of package in the initial years which gets incremented with years of experience. After knowing a lot about the importance of CSS everyone should try to learn CSS as it is useful everywhere.

But CSS learning takes a lot of time in itself. We should have patience in learning this stuff. There are a lot of website design companies involved in it. Students are taking coaching to learn CSS.

The world is changing we should not depend on service providers who make websites and charge specific amounts of money rather we should be self-learned in this field which is growing.

After learning CSS one should learn Javascript so that one is a full-fledged learner of designing a website.

Then a person can do freelance website designing which can fetch him/her a good income source.

Lots of career opportunities are in the fate of students who want to excel in life. Web designing companies are hiring students who have gained practical knowledge of web design and student grows their career with time.

Everyone should earn knowledge of website making so that no one will be a burden to society. There can be a lot of other opportunities in the world but web designing can make vivid landscapes on one page thereby improving the student’s intellectual mind and enhancing the creativity of the student.

No one should be left behind in the web designing field otherwise any other person can grab the opportunity.

Each year lots of engineering students are passing out of engineering colleges students get depressed when they are not getting the desired job but they should not get demotivated but rather have strong willpower to make web designing a passion of learning to get ahead in life and to achieve tremendous success in the future. No one should be jobless when CSS markup language is at its rescue.

Hope you got a full form of CSS and learn the basics of CSS

Keep reading our CSS tutorial

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What is the full form of Computer? Computer full form

The post Full form of CSS | Details of CSS appeared first on Ebhor.com.

Basically, a computer is a machine that is capable of getting data in a given form and having done a sequence of operations in accordance with a predetermined but variable set of instructions to deliver a result in the form of information.

It has turned into a personification in our day-to-day proceedings.  Whether elders, children or middle-aged people, everybody is relying on computers.

Computers were built with a purpose so that it can reduce the time of humans in executing tasks.

Computers were there and will be there before the end of our civilization.

Read More: Computer Generations

Full Form of Computer

A computer is not an acronym and is the name of an electronic device.

But people refer computer as :-

COMPUTER stands for:-

C -> Commonly

O -> Operated

M -> Machine

P -> Particularly

U -> Used for

T -> Trade

E -> Education

R -> and Research

Types of Computer

On the basis of data handling capabilities, the computer is of three types:

Analog computer

Digital computer

Hybrid computer

On the basis of size, the computer is of five types:

1. Mainframe computer

2. Supercomputer

3. Miniframe or minicomputer

4. Workstation

5. Microcomputer

1. Mainframe computer

It is referred to as “large iron”. It is a device that is used for processing jobs of large information.

2. Super computer

A computer that is used with a high level of performance compared to a general purposes computer device is known as a supercomputer.

In China, there are more than 219 supercomputers”. The United States of America has 116 nos. of supercomputers.

Japan has more than 29 supercomputers. India has 11 supercomputers out of the upper five hundred supercomputers.

It is used in the department of the computing field.

3. Minicomputer

Minicomputers are used for scientific and engineering computations and it is used for business.

4. Workstation

a powerful, single-user computer that is having a superior quality monitor and hi-fi microprocessor.

5. Microcomputer

A microcomputer is a microprocessor computer and its central processing unit.

Categories of the computer on basis of Computing

A computer has two primary categories:

Hardware: Physical structure that abodes a computer’s processor, memory, storage, transmission docks, and outermost devices.

Hardware is the real model that we can feel and tap on it.

Ex. RAM, Hard drive, and CD ROM

 Software: Includes Database Management and Applications software

VLC Media player, Ms Word, Picasa, Windows, Android, iOS, Language processors. These all are Softwares.

Parts of computer

Computers are having four parts:

1. Mouse

2. CPU

3. Monitor

4. CPU

1. Mouse

There are basically two types of mouse i.e. ball type and optical type. When we remove the bottom disk on ball-type mice, we see a cavity in which a hard spherical ball is placed and made easy to roll.

When the mouse is moved over a leveled surface, the ball rolls in the x and y-axis and accordingly rotates two pivots either clockwise or counterclockwise.

Rotation of these two pivots is replicated as the movement of the cursor on our screen based on ac/dc convertors and decoders.

While in newer optical mice, the led or laser light is made to glow over the surface over which it is placed on a certain angle of incidence.

This causes a reflex pattern to form which is seized by the sensing medium.

When the mouse is moved over the surface, the pattern of shadow moves in different directions according to the focus of the mouse.

This variation and longevity are replicated as movement regarding mouse, pointer.

Since it requires the formation of shadow patterns, such an optical mouse works on the surface with some amount of roughness.

Highly plain tables and notepaper never work well with optical mice as the shadow pattern never forms due to the scattering of light.

2. CPU(Central Processing Unit).

CPU is the “brain” of a computer. The central processing unit provides data to be managed and handled sent by the user.

Most of the time the user scrolls towards the key, the application is being carried out, or glance at the webpage, the specific code is made to study and comes again as reflux to the enjoyer.

The CPU works closely with the memory. Memory is a component that sends featured data to the device.

3. Monitor

A monitor is a bit of PC equipment that shows the video and illustrations data created by an associated PC through the PC’s video card.

A monitor which was previously and now implied to as a screen, the video showing the device, or watching movies or for playing online games.

Since there are so various kinds of monitors and approaches to utilize them, lots of assembled articles can assist one with catching through everything.

A Monitor is divided into five segments: Monitor Basics, Add or Connect a Monitor, Calibrate it yourself, Troubleshooting Issues, etc.

Monitors are implicit as a feature of the PC in workstations, tablets, books, and across the board work area machines

4. Keyboard

Different components of the Keyboard are

1- Alpha Numerical Key

2- Function Key

3 – Navigation Key

4- Control key

5- Numerical Key

1. Alpha Numerical Key

These keys are visible on the left-hand side of the keyboard it includes from A to Z alphabets and numbers from 0 to 9 and some special symbol, we can use the alphabets is capital by Dynamic capslocks key.

2. Function Key

The function keys are present at the top row of the keyboard we can find twelve functions of this key is various requisition to another.

3. Navigation Keys

This key is also which is visible in the middle portion of the keyboard, it helps to place the slider from one place to another place easily.

4. Control Keys

This key is used for controlling operations relating to tasks to be fulfilled on the computer. Some examples are ctrl, shift, etc.

5. Numerical Keys

This key is present on the right side of the keyboard and it helps the user to perform different types of mathematical calculations easily.

Today’s computers are smaller and amazingly powerful when compared with earlier computers.

They are having different variations that can be put on a table, in the knees, and in the hands.

History of Computer

The first known computer using that definition is the Antikythera mechanism which is dated to before 100BC and was built in Greece.

Its exact purpose is unknown but recently it has been asserted that it’s an accurate portrayal of the position of the planets & celestial bodies.

With the publication of Newton’s “Principal Mathematica” computation of orbits became possible.

The hand computations which led to the prediction of the comet of 1758, validated Newton’s math and physics.

The return of comet is an n-body problem. Only planets from Mercury through Saturn were known.

There was no analytical solution for more than two bodies. Many people took help of computers to make the computations.

 Halley’s Comet made a comeback in 1835 as a result of these computations.

Computation is different from the actual return date. This implied there were planets beyond Saturn!

With Napierian logarithms, the “Slide Rule” came into existence.

Every scientist and engineer had their own slide rule and then Hewlett Packard’s pocket calculator was discovered.

But in 1952 the Universal Automatic Computer which was designed for business application predicted the elections of President.

A prediction no one believed until later that the computer outguessed the experts made newspaper headlines.

The first programmable computer was designed by Charles Babbage in the 1830s, was mechanical rather than electronic.

Sadly it could never be constructed, and it wasn’t until World War II that British code breakers built Colossus, the world’s first computerized and fully automated computer.

Alan Turing was such a fantastic mathematician who being fascinated in breaking up of codes managed to construct a computer after the world war.

Generation of Computers

From science projects to everyday tool

Scientists and Physicists were curious towards computers every other time. Interaction between humans and computers continued from the period of mouse to present age.

Douglas Engelbart invented mouse in 1960s.

Apple Macintosh computers were released in 1984 and it then became useful and more importantly in the capacity of ordinary man to carry out various tasks.

Highlights in the development of the computer

Computers made out as bigger frameworks of glass plugs and wires that occupied multiple rooms and weighed tons.

Now they can get set on semiconductor chips that is barely larger than an ant and are millions of times more powerful than the first ones.

The number of computers has increased a lot over time.

Urban myth has it that, in the 1950s, the head of IBM projected an international shop for lots of projected computers.

ARPANET was developed by the United States of America that allowed a few universities and the army for the computers in the US to talk to each other which helped in the foundation for the modern internet, the worldwide network that connects to a lot of computers – and people – to each other.

How computers work

When you first turn your computer on, the only thing it’s capable of doing is finding the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) ROM (Read Only Memory) chip on your mainboard.

A program is plugged onto the BIOS chip so that it knows where to seek for, and how to access the different drives.

The computer begins the start-up process. It loads coded programs and instructions executed on the BIOS chip into memory and carries out the instructions in order.

To view any actions being carried out on the monitor; the Pause key is pressed. The POST operation will be halted until you press the Escape key again.

Viruses and how to protect computer from it

This was with WINDOWS Operating Systems.

 After going through a long process of learning how to combat this virus attack.

Many people did not know about making a backup program yet and using the restore back to an earlier time only worked now and then.

Until someone found the backup programs to make a system disk back up, one started to reinstall my Windows operating system.

It got operated into a  new operating system again. Someone began to keep my data on an external drive so when the next viral attack happens; someone only had to reinstall the Operating system.

Someone looked on the internet to try to find a Windows Live disk that would boot on the DVD/CD drive, don’t bother looking &Windows never allowed it to be created.

However, someone did find a program called BART, which used XP as part of the program to boot from the DVD/CD drive and allow you to access the hard drive in the computer avoiding starting the normal operating system. It’s a good program.

Someone found the system backup program on BART and that was such a time saver.

The backup would back up the entire system disk. When you restored it, it formatted the drive and restored the system as it was at the time I backed it up. PERFECT!!!

Later someone tried LINUX and liked it.

I installed it on my computer as DUAL BOOT, and only use the LINUX for internet, the Windows-based operating system have their updates turned off. They never went to the internet in windows.

Further, the Windows operating System has Deep Freeze installed which prevents changes to the Windows operating system unless you want to make a change.

Now speaking from years of no virus attacks and still using games and programs that the newer Windows Operating Systemswon’t run.

There is another webpage that talks about why Linux is not nearly as vulnerable as Windows is to virus attacks

One strongly recommends that you make a SYSTEM DISK IMAGE BACKUP and put it in a safe place. Also, make a backup disk of your data files.

With a Windows Operating System, we must have to get an Antivirus program. Someone has no suggestion which one, they all have their flaws and if the virus is not on the menu, the program can’t find it, leaving you again, on your own.

Running Deep Freeze is not a fantastic implementation rather we have to work with it as it can’t discrepancy in the disk unless you give them a chance.

One can set a procedure to restore one’s system back up some week or just when one notices a problem with the operating system but make sure the restore will be of the date you made the backup.

If you have not updated it, one’s restore will be completely the same of that backup (of any previous time). Neither any fresh writing-off data will be there.

One also recommends saving data to an external drive leaving the operating system on the working drive, and use the open space as a temporary save then transfer the data to the external drive before shutting down the computer.

This is in regard if we have placed DEEP FREEZE because when you make the computer back in position and it starts up, any saves will be gone from the computer working drive.

Henceforth one should look into one’s backups and consider making a System Disk IMAGE Backup.

Study in Educational Institution

Students are taught computers from their schools.

In Colleges in Engineering Stream, there is a 4-year course and even research is there in the field of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Data Science.

Students are taught Python, C, C++, and Java in their regular curriculum. Computer study is based on mostly Practical studies.

Students are first taught theory then the practical assignment is done on computers, Laptops, etc.

Students should learn the basics of programming which can be easier if they have the logic to crack.

Various IT firms come to the college for campus placements in the last year of college students.

They ask students to write the program on a piece of paper and also ask aptitude questions.

The human resource department comes along with these IT firms and checks the educational certificates of every student who sit in the campus and accordingly clarifies being fit to join the company and rejects if any discrepancy happens.

If they are placed in that campus after being selected they are asked to join after completion of college along with final results.

Upon joining they are paid handsome packages accordingly they are promoted to senior positions.

Advantages

1. Quickness: It is very quick in processing out the tasks. With its quick pace, it can lessen the doing of work

2. Perfection: It also gives 100% perfectness. It allows recipients to handle complicated operations with perfectness as well as readiness.

3. Multiple tasking: It can do a lot of tasks at a corresponding time. It allows playing movies, usage of internet, inspects emails periodically, and gets access to files on different drives of the computer.

4. Depository: It can deposit plenty of information. Data are stored for lots of years. Computers can deposit electronic books, movies, and photos. Anything can be detected using the search option.

5. Decrease in cost: It is a feasible medium to generate money in various ways. Computer when connected to the Internet, can help in running a blog, freelancing. It is fewer burdens on consumers in setting up a business virtually in case of any problem in outgoing tasks.

Disadvantages

1. Unemployment: It is reducing a lot of jobs. Automation is happening in every sector which hardly needs humans for their daily workload.

2. Virus Attacks: Privacy is hampered to some extent. It may get access to your data in the form of personal address, banking transactions, personal Pics and videos

3. Adverse Effect on Environment: Computers generate a lot of electronic wastes in the form of batteries and other computer accessories which need safe disposal.

4. Inappropriate content: Lots of porn sites can be accessed when the computer is connected to the Internet. People spent a lot of time engaging in it and they may face mental issues in the long run.

5. Cyber Activities: People are facing cyber issues relating to computers in the form of extortion charges, the release of obscene videos.

6. Nil Social Interaction: People are just engrossed in the virtual world of computers. They are not going outside and they are cut off from society.

7. Health: When people spent a lot of time in computers they may face health issues like backache, eye irritations, diabetes, high blood pressure.

 8. Unemployment: It is reducing a lot of jobs of people as automation in computers is happening.

8. Hacking: This is happening in today’s world where put a malicious code in the computer after customer clicks on this malicious code customer’s data are compromised and the message is coming to consumers in demanding money so that they will not leak information publically.

Applications of Computers

Training Programs: Computers are used to provide training to students in the form of a PGDCA program where they are taught Microsoft Excel, Microsoft PowerPoint, and Microsoft Word.

Banks: Customer data is stored in computers so that officials can get hold of daily transactions and keep track of it.

Health: The patient’s health history in the form of a record is stored so that it will be helpful in future complications. Also, it is used in X-Ray, and diagnosis of different body parts.

Entertainment: Children can play different games and watch educational videos recording their concerned subjects.

Business: For business transactions relating to supply or delivery Ledger is maintained in a computer to get a track of what is available and what is needed.

Government Office: Data of consumers are kept in the record so that beneficiaries of different schemes can avail of free food supply and housing facilities.

Read More full form

Full-Form of ATM
Full form of Computer

Read More full form

Full-Form of ATM
Full form of Computer

Read in Detail Applications of Computer

Conclusion

With changing times, Computers have undergone a lot of changes in its features, design, storage, data handling.

People are addicted with computers in such a way they are avoiding social interaction.

Latest computers are in the minds of different software and hardware companies to read the human mind.

Computers are now being lot compact in size thereby it becomes easier to handle.

Big Companies are thinking to have budget-friendly computers which can be affordable to the general public.

Mainly people are too curious about what will be the future of computers in terms of technological aspects.

Computer stands for?

or

What does the computer stand for

There is no acronym for computer. It is an electronic device used to process data generally known as the data processor.

Many people refer computer as
Commonly Operated Machine Particularly Used for Trade Education and Research

Write the full form of computer

The answer is as above

What is the meaning of computer

The term computer is taken from the Greek word compute it means to calculate

Computer is name given to an electronic device initially it was developed for calculation but nowadays it is working in all field.

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full form of CBSE is Central Board of Secondary education

Introduction

Everyone should be educated whether someone is rich or poor. Without education, a person’s life is in darkness.

Education can only eradicate the darkness and gives a ray of hope and opportunities in a person’s life.

Education is imparted by teachers to teach students. CBSE was mainly formed to cater to the needs of that schoolchild whose genitors are into movable professions.  

Schools do provide the right education after the parents to the child in an external environment.

A child’s concerns are valued in schools and they are taught manners as well as discipline.

Teachers are the custodians of education in schools.

They shape the future of a child and nurture a child to become a nice and responsible citizen in society.

CBSE has become the forefront runner in the education arena in India. They have captured the attention of parents in this fast-pace society.

People have accepted CBSE schools as their last savior as they have no other choice with a wide range of benefits.

CBSE was established on 3rd November 1962.

The official language was Hindi & English. Mainly in CBSE medium of instruction is English.

It basically conducts examinations of secondary school for All India examination, primarily started for Kendriya Vidyalaya Schools.

Now many well-known schools in India and abroad follow it or are affiliated with it.

The syllabus of CBSE is drafted by very renowned educationists, senior faculty teachers, some advocates, some administration officers, and jury members of CBSE itself.

Every parent is focused on getting his/her child into CBSE schools. It is not tough compared to ICSE and local medium schools.

Students of CBSE get a lot of exposure in handling different competitive exams like NEET, JEE Main, JEE Advanced.

CBSE Full Form in English

CBSE stands for Central Board of Secondary education.

It has a wide presence in every part of the country owing to its high-quality education.

Every year lots of students pass out from CBSE Schools with high percentages sometimes displayed on national television.

2 types of schools who have gained prominence in CBSE:

Kendriya Vidyalaya:

Some features of KV must be made visible in the following observations:

• Faculties-It depends upon the teacher interactive teaching with the students whether they are able to deliver valuable and rich content to students. Having passed an exam and getting appointment does not guarantee teacher will be excellent in teaching. It depends on the teacher dedication, honest approach towards teaching content to students. Most of KVs have a dedicated faculty or science students. Those who are in Arts or commerce may face a lot of problem they should make necessary arrangement to shift to other schools or colleges so that they can excel in their respective field.
• Games-Every Kendriya Vidyalaya has a profound approach for the students to excel in outdoor games. If one student gets selected in their school group they can participate in district,state and national competitions which can give a wing to their future aspirations in sports.

Definitely, KV’s are the best place to be up to one’s 10th standard. The savings through marginal fees should then be properly utilized to pay for spacious schools for right exposure and competitiveness to get top hand for beyond.

Wide Estate–All Kendriya Vidyalayas have a huge playground so that child can play outdoor sports in their leisure period.

Buildings are very small compared to these wide estate playgrounds. These wide estates can be converted into temporary relief camps in case of natural calamities.

Diversified Culture –Students from different backgrounds belonging to different states having different faiths are getting together in one place

Movable–Students will be acquainted with their parents’ movable job which happens after fixed years.

This provides KV students to acclimatize to new surroundings, different kinds of people, and tolerance towards a new place.

They must face new odds in their lives.

Responsiveness –someone who has interacted with a KV person can find students have an understanding between them.

They got to know more about each other accordingly behave cordially.

Attachment – Genitors of children in KV schools are from army background that makes attachment between them.

There is an inevitable bonding that everybody cherishes throughout our lives.

Few years of spending among students will have a vivid memory among students for the rest of their lives.

Pleasure – A child’s daily activity is filled with pleasure and excitement, whether waiting for the sports period when the child will play any outdoor sports in the playground of schools to chill out.

Children having their lunch boxes shared among each other in recess time and their chit-chat gossips.

Most of the CBSE schools are Kendriya Vidyalayas located in every state of the country.

These types of schools are suited for central government employees. Fees are somewhat less for students studying in these schools as compared to private schools.

KVs are the institutions that do not differentiate between the high class and lower class.

The uniforms are the same throughout the country, and one interacts with everyone; if anyone is the daughter of a tailor or someone is the son of a DGP(Police). N

ot an atmosphere you find every where KVs also stand out for their national-level competitions for sports, cultural activities, and academics, that bring out the best in people.

DAV Schools

A lot of schools are now in the form of DAV schools. These schools are under Dayanand Anglo Vedic to capture the essence of our great revered saint Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati.

Let us take the case of DAV schools which have mushroomed across India. They have become the lifeline of education in India.

The school life of DAV is pretty enjoyable for students as schools provide ample opportunities to showcase their skills.

Almost every state has a lot of DAV schools owing to the need of people.

These schools are giving good results in the All-India platform.

Students are also performing well in different competitions whether it is related to singing, dancing, sports, and debate.

Here at DAV, everyone performs hawan every single day.

Though we never care about chanting mantras along with gurus but it has definitely given us a major reason to remember it after school and in a corner.

The yagnya shala in itself has an amazing aura. Its high dome roof is something someone never forgets.

Hardly someone thinks any other school teaches and preaches Vedic mantra in today’s race for academics.

Plus it would be fascinating in winters to sit near the fire and let the heat come in.

Objectives of CBSE

1. To give children education according to the latest standards relating to the modern era.
2. To give a competitive mind spirit among students so that student can excel well in any sphere of life.
3. To give a tension free environment in schools.

CBSE vs ICSE

The varying contrast between CBSE and ICSE board can be evident on these takeaways:

1. CBSE is under supervision of a Board while ICSE is a School Certificate Examination. In contrast to Central Board of Secondary Education(CBSE), ICSE is a private organisation looking into it.
2. Syllabus is different in both cases. Normally, the ICSE  syllabus is difficult  for students as compared to CBSE, since ICSE’s syllabus is structured according to the education system of western countries
3. In ICSE, English is preferred as study. Whereas in CBSE, it is both English and Hindi.
4. CBSE carries grade point system to evaluate students’ results. On the other hand, ICSE publishes two result sheets, in which one displays the grades while the other marks obtained by the student.

CBSE vs. SSC

The varying contrast between CBSE and SSC board can be evident on these takeaways:

1. CBSE is availed mainly by upper middle class also sometimes lower middle class. Whereas SSC is availed by every section of society according to their neediness.
2. In CBSE instruction is English as well as Hindi. Whereas in SSC medium is local language.
3. CBSE students perform well in competitive exams whereas SSC students perform less as compared to SSC.
4. SSC students are given mid-day meals so that they get nutritious food which is essential for a child development in their growing years as a initiative by respective state governments. Whereas no such facility is given in a CBSE school Students will have to bring their own food from their respective homes or can eat food at lunch hours by giving some money to avail it.

Appointment of Managing Committee, Teaching Staff and Non-Teaching Staff

Managing Committee is the committee which looks into the appointment of staff hiring, smooth conduct of schools.

This committee comprises head who should not be principal or associated with a principal, parent representatives, few teachers of school any gazetted post like  Retired Administrative Authority, member of a social group or NGO.

Any discrepancy that happens in school the case is solved through these committee members only.

Teachers are appointed through a selection process where their documents are checked and they see whether they have any teaching experience so that it will be helpful for school.

Teacher’squalifications are usually Bachelors or Masters Education with Bachelor in Education a must.

Higher educations than this qualification are always welcome.

Non-Teaching staff is hired according to a specific qualification that is specified in the advertisement with detailed qualifications mattering to school authorities.

For Teaching staff time to time training programs are held in different regions so that their skill can be upgraded.

All the staff are paid their regular salaries apart from that they have a provident fund scheme, other essential perks.

Those who are senior having a lot of experience have their pay hike sometimes may get promoted to principal if they have some special abilities in handling critical situations.

Sometimes Contractual teachers are appointed who get appointed for short time on an ad-hoc basis with fixed salary, no special benefits being provided to them. They can be made permanent if school authorities agree under specific conditions.

Facilities provided in CBSE Schools

1. Students get their school uniforms annually which they need to wear each year so that they follow rules and regulation laid by the schools. If someone abstains from wearing uniform one particular day then they get punished that day.
2. Students have to face long hours in schools so definitely students get hungry after certain hours. Schools for that purpose have established a canteen in school premises. Canteens provided hygienic quality food which can be eaten by both teachers and students. House rent fee, electricity fees are sometimes borne by the school authorities so that canteen will not think about profit and can compromise on the quality of food.
3. Now schools those were operation with Blackboard,Chalk,Duster are getting replaced by SMART classrooms. SMART classroom can be availed by the teachers so that students can get interactive with teachers through PowerPoint slides.
4. Some schools have swimming pools,carrom board, badmintoncourt, basketball court  where students can spent their idle time in these activities so that they can divert away from strenuous hours of studies. Sports Teachers are there who assist students in mock drill or helping students play games, playing role of referee in case of important competition.
5. Residential schools are there where parents enrol their child for their betterment. Wardens are present here who look after the children in their needs so that children will follow rules and regulation. Residential schools are those premises where school is there along with that hostel is present so that children can stay and child will have to wear uniform themselves and get to the dining table where food is served. Every student must be there in the dining there at the specified time to have their food. Warden sees that any untoward incident is being forwarded to them as soon as possible. No outsider can visit hostels of students except the parents and relatives.
6. Separate Urinals for staffs and students are present in the building of schools. Cleaning staff are always there for maintaining cleanliness of urinals otherwise bad odour will prevail in premises of school attracting harmful organisms which can spread various diseases and may create a panic in school.
7. A primary health care centre is there consisting of a doctor preferably MBBS background and a compounder to look into the medical emergencies in the school premises. First-aid is provided to the needy persons as soon as possible.
8. Generator is there so that untimely electricity cut is accommodated with power supply. Sufficient amount of fuel is present for the generator.
9. Fire extinguisher is present in important parts of building of school so that if any fire hazard occurs then fire fighter having experience in extinguishing fire are rushed to extinguish fire with zero casualties.
10. Water tanks are there so that adequate drinking water is made available to students,teachers and other persons present in the school.Water tanks are there for flushing of toilets and cleaning of urinals. Periodically.
11. A central library is there so that students can take membership and borrow books regarding their needs. Teachers can also borrow reference books for their teaching.
12. Adequate Lighting,Fans are there so that ventilation is there.
13. Adequate amount of Tables,Chairs and desks are there so that students can sit and concentrate on their study.
14. National or private bank is present in the school along with ATMs. School deposits are available in these banks so that in any case of future needs relating to development and infrastructure of schools can be done as well as for paying salaries to staffs. Parents can pay their child tuition fees as well as annual fees in Cheque format in these banks.
15. Adequate computers are there catering to the needs of students. Now a child is taught coding at an early age. For that purpose trained computer faculty is present who can teach coding to students.
16. No Outsider is allowed in the premises of schools. They have to specify their grievance in an orderly manner so that it can be heard.
17. Some private schools have teachers teaching their schools and if these teachers children gets to study in their school their tuition fees is exempted. This facility can be availed for only one child.
18. Bus facilities provided by lot of CBSE Schools. Bus Fees are collected from students who are interested to avail bus service in the form of transport changes. A Bus will have specific number of students to travel to and fro journey from their home to school and vice-versa. Parents will be at specific bus point so that bus will pick students from that point and leave for school. Driver should have Driving License and should have pollution certificate, other transport documents. Conductor should be there for students well being in the bus.

Advantages of CBSE schools

1. CBSE schools are cost effective for parents who want to enrol their child into these schools.
2. As the medium of instruction is English students have no problem in their higher education or in professional studies.
3. Those who avail class 11^th and 12^th in schools they perform better in entrance exams as compared to ICSE or local medium students.
4. Students get to learn 3 languages which is helpful in their professional as well as personal life.
5. As CBSE Schools are English oriented students are very much fluent in English language over the years.

Disadvantages of CBSE schools

1. CBSE students definitely have less fluency in English and science subjects especially as higher education studies are focussed on Class 9^th onwards in these schools so that they have to focus on their studies a lot in these 2  years especially class 9^th and 1oth. Whereas ICSE student’s foundation in Science subject is done at least from class 6^th onwards so definitely they have an added advantage over CBSE students.
2. Parents have to pay a lot of money to enrol in these schools. These schools have an admission fee annually. Also parents have to pay monthly tuition fees which adds burden to parents budgetary allocation towards education fees.

FAQ

Q. What is the full form of CBSE?

Central Board of Secondary Education.

Conclusion

CBSE schools have changed the paradigm of the education system in India.

They have given a varied view in terms of education provided to students so that an average student can perform better in studies.

All-round development of a student is possible only through CBSE board.

Many mediocre students have performed well in their exams as well as extra-curricular activities.

There was a time when a parent was worried about the education of his/her child, but CBSE drove away this fear from parents.

Education was limited in its scope where only meritorious students could excel and mediocre students were left out in the past cases.

More and more people are drawn towards the CBSE board for availing of education for their families.

Lower middle-class parents have understood the present education scenario and accordingly enroll their children in these schools.

Those children who have big ambitions in their life should enroll in these schools so that they can achieve a huge amounts of success in their life and want to do something for the betterment of poor and backward people in society.

People are now conscious about the latest trends through the Internet. They are having news of foreign countries’ education systems and what is lacking in Indian Education System and that gets overcome through CBSE only.

Many CBSE students have become Doctors, Engineers, Administrative officials, Banking officials, etc.

It is a pride for parents who have studied less but have big aspirations for their child to get admit their child to these schools.

Parents with their hard-earned money spent on their child education.

They consider education as the basic need for their children to progress in life-critical situations.

Education spent by them on their child will give satisfaction to their mind, body, and soul and give a good sleep at the night.

They do not compromise on education needs of children at any cost.

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The field of Science, chemistry, and the field of computer networking ATM has different full forms we have discussed later in this article.

History of ATM

On September 2, 1969. the first automatic teller machine (ATM) in the United States is operational, dispensing cash to customers at Chemical Bank in Rockville Center, New York.

ATMs went on to disrupt the banking industry by eliminating the requirement for fundamental financial transactions to be conducted at a bank.

By the 1980s, these money machines had become extremely popular, performing many of the activities traditionally performed by human tellers, including check deposits and account transfers.

ATMs are now as necessary to most people as cell phones and e-mail.

Several innovators worked on early prototypes of a cash-dispensing machine, but Don Wetzel, an executive at Docutel, a Dallas business that produced automated baggage-handling technology, is widely credited with developing the modern ATM concept.

Wetzel reportedly came up with the idea while waiting in line at a bank. The first ATM in New York was only capable of dispensing cash, but in 1971, an ATM capable of performing various duties, including providing clients’ account balances, was introduced.

ATMs ultimately spread beyond the bounds of banks and can now be seen in a variety of locations ranging from gas stations to convenience stores to cruise liners.

Different types of  ATM

1. Onsite ATMs are either located within the bank premises or in close proximity to the branch.
2. Offsite ATMs are those that are not located within the branch premises but are instead found in locations such as shopping malls, airports, train stations, and gas stations.
3. Worksite ATM-An ATM that is positioned within an organization’s grounds and is normally intended just for the organization’s employees.
4. Cash Dispenser-Allows just cash withdrawals, balance inquiries, and mini statement requests, cash dispensers (CD) are commonly used as ATMs, however customers cannot deposit cash or cheques in a CD, whereas ATMs can be used for both cash withdrawals and depositing cash or cheques.
5. The term “mobile ATM” refers to an ATM that travels to different locations to serve consumers. A few private banks have launched ATMs on wheels.

Parts of ATM

1. Card reader – A card reader is a device that reads the account information encoded on the magnetic stripe on the back of an ATM/debit/credit card.
2. Keypad – The keypad allows the cardholder to notify the bank what type of transaction (cash withdrawal, balance enquiry, etc.) and for how much money is needed. In addition, for verification, the bank requires the cardholder’s personal identification number (PIN). The PIN block must be delivered to the host processor in encrypted form, according to federal legislation.
3. When a key is pressed, the speaker gives audible input to the cardholder.
4. The display screen guides the cardholder through each step of the transaction procedure. A monochrome or colour CRT (cathode ray tube) monitor is often used in leased-line equipment. A monochrome or colour LCD is often used in dial-up devices.
5. Receipt printer – The receipt printer prints a paper receipt of the transaction for the cardholder.
6. The safe and cash-dispensing mechanisms are at the heart of an ATM. The entire bottom portion of the majority of compact ATMs is a safe that holds the cash.

Working of ATM Machine

1. In the same way that a branch teller offers you the payment you request in the form of a cheque or a withdrawal form, an atm delivers you payment in the form of an atm card.
2. The back of an ATM card features a black magnetic strip that stores the card’s information. The front-side card number (16 digits) is connected to your account. As a result, the account is linked to the ATM card.
3. The ATM card has an ATM pin that may be changed at any moment, and the ATM has a computer in it that records the card’s details and activity.
4. Internal atm operation facts are strictly confidential and cannot be shared.

How to use ATM

1. To begin, you must have an account that permits you to withdraw money from a machine. Then you’ll need a card that’s been linked to that account and activated. Select a PIN (personal identity number).
2. Then proceed to an ATM. Make sure no one can see your money on the ATM’s buttons. Insert your credit card into the slot. Then, as directed, select your account, enter your PIN, choose the amount of money you want, and decide whether you want a receipt/account balance. Wait for your card to appear and remember to collect your money and receipt.
3. Finally, make certain that no one can see you tap your PIN.

What is ATM Card

An ATM card is a bank card that is used to gain access to an ATM. Almost everyone who has a checking account has a card that may be used at an ATM, such as a debit or credit card.

Some banks, on the other hand, issue ATM-only cards that cannot be used to make transactions.

Assume you have a bank account with a certain amount of money in it.

If you wish to withdraw money from your account, you must go to the bank and write a check.

To make this process easier, banks have developed a debit card. This card will be one-of-a-kind and connected to your bank account.

So, if you want to take money out of your account, simply use this card at an ATM to acquire cash.

This card can also be used at many retail locations where a swipe machine (PoS) is available.

A debit card is a payment card that takes money directly from a customer’s checking account to cover a purchase.

To make transactions, debit cards eliminate the need to carry cash or physical cheques.

Furthermore, when issued by major payment processors like Visa or MasterCard, debit cards, often known as check cards, provide the convenience of a credit card and many of the same consumer safeguards.

They do not allow the user to fall into debt, with the exception of modest negative balances that may occur if the account holder has signed up for overdraft protection.

Debit cards, on the other hand, frequently have daily purchase limits, so it’s unlikely that you’ll be able to make a particularly significant purchase with one.

What is CVV number in ATM card

A CVV number is a characteristic of credit, debit, and automated teller machine (ATM) cards that is used to verify the owner’s identification and reduce the risk of fraud.

CVV is an abbreviation for Card Verification Value. This number is necessary to conduct online purchases in order to authenticate that the user is in possession of the card, although it does not always imply that the user is the owner.

The only genuinely efficient approach to prevent theft of funds from an account to which the card is linked is for the owner to have the card in their possession at all times and never, ever give any of the information on the card to another party.

Benefits of using an ATM Card

1. It is simple to obtain. When you open an account, most financial institutions will provide you a debit card if you request one.
2. Convenience. Rather than filling out a paper check, purchases can be made using a chip-enabled terminal or by swiping the card.
3. Safety- You are not required to carry cash or a chequebook.
4. Accepted without hesitation. When travelling out of town (or out of the nation), debit cards are usually commonly accepted (be sure to notify your banking institution that you are leaving your city to avoid service interruptions).

How to keep your ATM card safe

When using an ATM card, keep your PIN SECRET!

1. Change it on a regular basis.
2. To keep your PIN secret, cover the keyboard with your hand when entering it into a POS or ATM.
3. Check your savings/checking account balance on a frequent basis.
4. Do not allow others to use your debit card.

How to take money from atm ?

ATMs connect your debit card to your checking account, giving you complete access to your funds.

To withdraw funds, simply follow these simple steps:

1. Insert your card or scan a virtual one, then choose a language.
2. Enter your card’s 4-digit PIN. It should be accepted, and you will be directed to the next screen;
3. Select Withdrawal and input the required amount (you can also check your balance here before withdrawing money).
4. Gather your cash and receipt (if you need one). Don’t forget to bring your ID.

You can withdraw cash from any ATM, regardless of whether you bank with the provider or not.

Withdrawing money from your bank’s ATMs is usually the cheapest option.

The majority of ATM suppliers impose fees (some will even charge you for checking your balance).

Keep this in mind so you can estimate the amount you will receive a following withdrawal.

Some ATMs allow you to deposit cash into your account, however, this varies by nation.

How to transfer money from ATM ?

1. Visit any of the ATM Centers in your area.
2. You can transfer to another account if you have an Debit card.
3. Swipe the card in the ATM and choose a language.
4. Enter the Pin and then press the next button.

Then you have the option of:

1. Statement in Brief

1. Registration via mobile device
2. Banking
3. Inquiry into Balance
4. Fixed Deposit and Transfer
5. Click on the transfer option, then select the card-to-card fund transfer, enter the card number again, and click yes.
6. Enter the amount to be transferred.
7. Once you enter the amount, confirm it, and select current or savings account, the transfer from ATM is complete.
8. The transaction takes 24 hours to complete.

How to generate new ATM pin ?

1. When ATM card pins used to arrive by mail, it was a thing of the past. However, some banks continue to employ this method, but the procedure has grown much faster in recent years by utilising various methods to generate your pin for your cards:
2. The next alternative is to generate your pin using your net banking by visiting to the account service menu, picking the generate pin option, and verifying the same by submitting your otp. In some circumstances, it may also ask for your ATM grid confirmation.
3. The sms technique, which is rarely used, requires you to send a message to a specific defined number many times toll free and select your options accordingly, which is different or various banks.
4. The final and least secure approach is to phone customer service or any other stated number and provide your card and other credentials for the same, as well as validate your date of birth or something.

Advantages of ATM

In today’s digital world, an ATM is a need, not a luxury. The following are the primary advantages of using an ATM:

1. Cash deposits and withdrawals are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
2. Transferring funds to another party is possible without going via a branch.
3. You can make online purchases from the comfort of your own home.
4. You can purchase rail, air, and bus tickets.

Which Indian bank was the first to install an ATM in India?

Diebold ATMs were used in the installation.

HSBC (Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) was the first bank in India to offer the ATM idea in 1987.

In India, the majority of banks now have ATMs.

In 1967, John Shepherd-Barron, an inventor, erected the world’s first mechanical cash dispenser at a Barclays Bank branch near London.

De La Rue Instruments manufactured the machine, which utilized paper vouchers that had to be acquired in advance from tellers.

Interesting facts about ATM

1 Pin code (four-digit)

There’s a fascinating explanation for this. The following is a summary of the plot. In the 1960s, Shepherd-Barron, the ATM’s inventor, came up with a six-figure figure.

He did, however, discuss with his wife Caroline.

His wife, on the other hand, could only recall four digits, therefore it became the most often used length in many areas.

Banks in Switzerland and many other countries, on the other hand, demand a six-digit Pin.

2 ATMs with gold vending machines

ATMs not only disburse cash, but also gold.

The ATM gives out gold bars. A Gulf hotel has attempted to capitalize on the current gold craze by installing an automated teller machine (ATM) that dispenses bullion bars.

The machine’s exterior is coated with a thin layer of gold, and it offers customers 320 options, ranging from gold bars weighing up to 10 grams to customized gold coins.

3 ATM that floats

Kerala’s Kochi district is home to India’s first ‘floating’ ATM.

The State Bank of India has put an ATM in a Kerala Shipping and Inland Navigation Corporation-owned jhankar (ferry) (KSINC).

Between Ernakulam and Vypeen, Asia’s most densely populated area, the jhankar would run.

4 What if the entire ATM machine is stolen?

Some people don’t just want to take money from the ATM; they want to steal the entire ATM machine.

In that circumstance, the robber will be limited in his movement. It’s because the ATM has a chip and is also equipped with GPS.

If you can find the robbed ATM at all, that is.

5 Which day of the week has the highest number of cash withdrawals?

No, the busiest days for cash withdrawal are not Saturday or Sunday. The majority of people withdraw money from ATMs on Friday.

Anyone up for a weekend get-together?

6 Without a bank account, you can use an ATM

Yes! This is also a possibility. In India, however, this is not the case.

In Romania, you can make ATM transactions without having a bank account.

7 Biometric Pin/Password

The security of the ATM’s password is one of its most significant features. Biometric ATMs for secure banking transactions are one of these characteristics in Brazil.

8 At the highest point, there is an ATM

Nathu-La is home to the world’s tallest ATM counter. Union Bank of India runs it, and it’s located at 14,300 feet in Kupup.

The ATM, which is primarily intended for army soldiers stationed along the Sino-India border, also serves tourists.

9 The loneliest ATM in the world

In Antartica, you’ll find the world’s loneliest ATM. In the US research centre McMurdo Station, there are really two ATMs.

However, one serves as a backup, and only one ATM is operational at any given time.

What is ATM in Science?

The atm (short for atmosphere) is a pressure unit. In the internationally accepted standard atmospheric model, it is equivalent to the pressure at sea level.

If the air pressure is 1 atm, it signifies that it is the same as the standard pressure at sea level that we have agreed to use.

Because the real pressure in the air varies, the pressure is rarely exactly equal to 1 atm.

In terms of chemistry, what is the complete form of ATM?

The term “atm” in chemistry refers to atmospheric pressure.

It is the pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, which has a mean value of 101,325 pascals at sea level (roughly 14.6959 pounds per square inch).

What is ATM in networking?

Another, and arguably more essential, connection-oriented network is Asynchronous Transfer Mode.

ATM was created in the early 1990s and debuted to enormous fanfare.

By combining Voice, Data, Cable TV, Telex, Telegraph, Carrier Pigeon, Tin Cans Connected by Strings, and everything else into a single integrated system that could do everything for everyone, ATM was supposed to solve the world’s networking problems.

It didn’t work. ATM was far more successful than OSI, and it is now used extensively within the telephone system, frequently for transporting IP packets.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1 What is milk ATM?

Customers should shop in busy shopping districts with retail establishments so that they may simply include milk in their shopping list while looking for other Milk ATM Machine Suppliers.

A business deal with supermarket owners to install these devices in their stores can result in positive sales outcomes, some of which can be shared with supermarket owners in a format that is mutually agreed upon.

If the infrastructure sharing plan with large retail outlets such as supermarkets is not feasible, stand-alone businesses that are adequately illuminated, well ventilated, and have consistent water and electric power supply can establish independence in the business.

The milk dispenser, often known as a Milk ATM Machine, is the most important machine for this business.

They are available in a variety of sizes and designs, including 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 200, and even 1,000 liters. They may dispense any denomination of milk in 100ml units and are chilled to preserve milk.

2 How does milk ATM work?

This type of company necessitates a location with a daily active milk market.

Most people who buy milk also need other products like bread, eggs, sugar, and so on, thus your milk vending machines should be located in or near a shopping centre in a busy shopping area.

A supermarket, for example, would be an excellent location. Approaching a supermarket or a micro mart with this suggestion would be a fantastic move for you as an entrepreneur because they are areas where a large number of people buy.

Make a revenue-sharing agreement with your partner.

If this proves difficult, you can always rent your own shop in the area or in any other area with foot traffic.

You are open for business as long as the room is orderly and clean, with appropriate ventilation and lighting, as well as clean running water.

3 What is water ATM?

A Water Vending Machine is a coin-operated water RO (reverse osmosis) machine that may be deployed in any public or private location to provide healthy water at the most reasonable costs and with the most ease.

Providing clean, cool drinking water at a reasonable cost throughout the day is a wonderful idea for all public areas. It reduces the cost of Bottles, Botteling, Transportation and logistics, Storage.

3 What is fruit ATM?

The Smart Fresh Juice Vending Machine is a revolutionary concept for selling fresh juice to customers with little or no overhead.

This is sanitary equipment for serving freshly squeezed juice to your customers.

After each procedure, the machine cleans the system automatically to ensure that the juice for each vending is of high quality.

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